Cloning and Chromosomal Localization of Human Cdc42-Binding Protein Kinase β

Moncrieff, Colin L.; Bailey, Mark E.S.; Morrison, N; Johnson, Keith

doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5769

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Sequence analysis revealed a short fragment from CDC42 BPB genes incorporated into major part of cloned VH2* PCR products from patient sample number 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. This is an intron fragment located in the region encompassing 252 bps (36096-36348) of 125-kb of CDC42 BPB which maps to 14q32.32 ( Figure 2) (Moncrieff et al, 1999) and is assumed to be incorporated in-between a short stretch of VH2 and DH6.…”

Section: Gene Structure Of Vh2* Pcr Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression and unique rearrangement of VH2 transcripts in immunoglobulin variable heavy chain genes in ankylosing spondylitis patients

Kim

Lee

et al. 2010

Exp Mol Med

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Section: Gene Structure Of Vh2* Pcr Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression and unique rearrangement of VH2 transcripts in immunoglobulin variable heavy chain genes in ankylosing spondylitis patients

Kim

Lee

et al. 2010

Exp Mol Med

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“…2D). Extensive splicing events in this region have been documented for MRCK␣ (20), and MRCK␥ has adopted a similar but simpler processing. However, other splicing events occurring at the CRIB domain and C-terminal of MRCK␣ were not observed with MRCK␥.…”

Section: Mrck␥ Is a Novel Member Of The Mrck Serine/threoninementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both MRCK␣ and MRCK␤ are ubiquitously expressed in various mammalian tissues and are abundantly expressed in all cell lines studied (18,19). Interestingly, MRCK␣ is present as multiple species through differential splicing (20), mainly at an internal variable splice site, which is located between the inhibitory region and the phorbol-binding cysteine-rich domain. Whether or not these sequence diversities play any roles in MRCK function remains to be determined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the Human Myotonic Dystrophy Kinase-related Cdc42-binding Kinase γ Is Regulated by Promoter DNA Methylation and Sp1 Binding

Tan

Lim

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42 binding kinases (MRCKs) are family members most related to the myotonic dystrophy kinase (DMPK), RhoA-binding kinase (ROK), and citron kinase. Two highly conserved members, MRCK␣ and -␤, have been previously identified and characterized. We now describe a novel isoform, MRCK␥, which is functionally and structurally related to members of this kinase family. We show these kinases to have marked similarities in their genomic organization, substrate phosphorylation, and catalytic autoinhibition. Unlike MRCK␣ and -␤, which are expressed ubiquitously, MRCK␥ mRNA was only expressed in heart and skeletal muscle. In cultured cells, MRCK␥ showed differential expression with high levels of expression only in certain cell lines. DNA analysis showed that lack of expression is correlated with promoter DNA methylation. We have mapped the methylation sites in the MRCK␥ promoter. Significantly, agents that suppressed DNA methylation caused increases in the expression of the kinase in low-expressing cells, further supporting the notion that promoter DNA methylation plays an important role in the expression of MRCK␥. Analysis of the MRCK␥ promoter has also revealed two proximal Sp1 sites that are essential for transcriptional activity. We conclude that both promoter DNA methylation and Sp1 binding are important regulators for MRCK␥ expression.

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“…30 Human MRCKa and MRCKb kinases are closely related, 31,32 and share the same functional domains with each other and MRCKg. 9,29 The MRCK proteins contain a C-terminally located Cdc42/Rac interaction binding (CRIB) domain (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinases (MRCK), the ROCK-like effectors of Cdc42 and Rac1

Zhao

Manser

2015

Small GTPases

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Cdc42 is a member of the Rho GTPase protein family that plays key roles in local F-actin organization through a number of kinase and non-kinase effector proteins. The myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinases (MRCKs), and the RhoA binding coiled-coil containing kinases (ROCKs) are widely expressed members of the Dystrophia myotonica protein kinase (DMPK) family. The MRCK proteins are ∼190 kDa multi-domain proteins expressed in all cells and coordinate certain acto-myosin networks. Notably MRCK is a key regulator of myosin18A and myosin IIA/B, and through phosphorylation of their common regulatory light chains (MYL9 or MLC2) to promote actin stress fiber contractility. The MRCK kinases are regulated by Cdc42, which is required for cell polarity and directional migration; MRCK links to the acto-myosin complex through interaction with a coiled-coil containing adaptor proteins LRAP35a/b. The biological activities of MRCK in model organisms such as worms and flies confirm it as a myosin II activator. In mammalian cell culture MRCK can be critical for cancer cell migration and neurite outgrowth. We review the current literatures regarding MRCK and highlight the similarities and differences between MRCK and ROCK kinases.

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Cloning and Chromosomal Localization of Human Cdc42-Binding Protein Kinase β

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Overexpression and unique rearrangement of VH2 transcripts in immunoglobulin variable heavy chain genes in ankylosing spondylitis patients

Overexpression and unique rearrangement of VH2 transcripts in immunoglobulin variable heavy chain genes in ankylosing spondylitis patients

Expression of the Human Myotonic Dystrophy Kinase-related Cdc42-binding Kinase γ Is Regulated by Promoter DNA Methylation and Sp1 Binding

Myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinases (MRCK), the ROCK-like effectors of Cdc42 and Rac1

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