Clonal dissemination of a single Shigella sonnei strain among Iranian children during Fall 2012 in Tehran, I.R. Iran

Alizadeh-Hesar, Mahsa; Bakhshi, Bita; Peerayeh, Shahin Najar

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2015.06.024

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…S. sonnei and S. flexneri are the most commonly isolated species in industrialized (23) and developing countries (24), respectively. In our study, S. sonnei was the most common cause of shigellosis, which is consistent with findings of other studies in Iran (25)(26)(27). Reasons behind the dominance of S. sonnei in industrialized countries remain unclear (28), but an increasing incidence of shigellosis caused by S. sonnei generally correlates with improving economic prosperity (29).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Determination of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and frequency of CTX-M, TEM, and SHV Β-Lactamase Encoding Genes among Shigella Isolates from Inpatients in Tehran, Iran

2019

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Background and Objectives: The emergence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Shigella spp. is becoming a health concern worldwide. This study aimed to investigate antibiotic resistance pattern and frequency of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM genes among Shigella isolates from patients in hospitals of Tehran, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 52 non-repeated Shigella strains were isolated from hospitalized patients in Milad, Emam Khomeini and Shariati hospitals in Tehran (Iran) from November 2015 to December 2016. Bacterial identification, serotyping, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed according to the standard guidelines. The blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM resistance genes were identified using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Results: Among 52 Shigella isolates, S. sonnei (44.2%) was the predominant species, followed by S. flexneri and S. dysenteriae (23%). Over 67% of the isolates were multidrug resistant. The highest rates of resistance were observed against cefalotin (67.3%), tetracycline (67.3%), amikacin (63.5%), trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (48.1), and ampicillin (42.3%). The lowest resistance rate was against ciprofloxacin (1.9%). We detected the blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes in 61.5% and 19.2% of the isolates, respectively. However, the blaSHV gene was not detected in any of the isolates. In addition, 16.4% of the isolates harbored the blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes simultaneously. Ciprofloxacin was the most effective antibiotics according to the ESBL genes distribution. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the high prevalence of multidrug resistance and ESBL genes in Shigella isolates, which elucidates the need for appropriate infection control measures for limiting the spread of resistant strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Determination of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and frequency of CTX-M, TEM, and SHV Β-Lactamase Encoding Genes among Shigella Isolates from Inpatients in Tehran, Iran

2019

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“…Previous studies have also shown the dominance of resistance to TMP/SMX and STR and foremost resistance phenotype were TMP/SMX/TET/TMP among Shigella spp. in Iran and other countries [ 5 15 16 17 ]. Therefore, these antibiotics should no longer be considered as appropriate empirical therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have also shown the similar array of gene cassettes of class 1 integrons among enteric bacteria including Proteus , E. coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae and Shigella spp. in Iran and other countries, which provide evidence for transfer of resistance genes through integrons between different species [ 16 17 19 20 ]. The class 2 integron was more frequently detected among the isolates (94.7%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic Diversity of Multidrug ResistantShigellaspecies from Iran

et al. 2018

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BackgroundIn many developing countries, shigellosis is endemic and also occurs in epidemics and treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates are important. The aims of this study were to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility, prevalence of class 1 and 2 integrons and the clonal relatedness of isolates.Materials and MethodsAntimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by disc diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequencing technique was employed for detection and characterization of integrons. The genetic relatedness was evaluated by using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) PCR.ResultsThere was a high percentage of resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) (93.7%), ampicillin (AMP) (87.3%), streptomycin (STR) (84.5%) and tetracycline (TET) (78.9%). Multidrug resistant phenotype was seen in 95.1% of total isolates. Most common MDR profile was TMP/SMX/STR/AMP resistant pattern. Among the 142 Shigella spp. analyzed in this study, 28 isolates were positive for class 1 integron with two types of gene cassette arrays (dfrA17/aadA5 = 31.7% and dfrA7 = 3.8%). The class 2 integron was more frequently detected among the isolates (94.7%) with dfrA1/sat1/aadA1 (69.4%) and dfrA1/sat1 (30.6%) gene cassettes. ERIC-PCR results showed 6, 5, 4 and 3 main genotypes among S. flexneri, S. sonnei, S. boydii and S. dysenteriae isolates, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings revealed that multidrug resistant Shigella species with high prevalence of class 2 integron were very common in Iran. In addition, ERIC-PCR patterns showed limited variety of clones are responsible for shigellosis in the region of the study.

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“…Presence of the main genes related to antibiotic resistance, including b-lactamase encoding, carbapenem resistance, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance, tetracycline resistance genes, and integrons was investigated using PCR with specific primers for all of the isolates without considering the antibiotic resistance phenotype 12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] (Table 1). DNA was extracted using the boiling method.…”

Section: Molecular Detection Of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. The standard slide agglutination method was done for serogrouping (Baharafshan Institute of Research & Development, Iran) 12. Standard strains of S. sonnei (ATCC 9290), S. flexneri (ATCC 12022), S. dysenteriae (persian type culture collection [PTCC] 1188), S. boydii (PTCC 9207), and E. coli (ATCC 25922) were used as the controls.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Phage Cocktail Against Multidrug, ESBL-Producer Isolates of Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri with Highly Efficient Bacteriolytic Activity

Shahin

Bouzari

Komijani

et al. 2020

Microbial Drug Resistance

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The globally increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microorganisms such as Shigella, a cause of human acute gastrointestinal infections, calls for developing effective alternatives. In this study, the antibiotic resistance pattern, extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL)-production, and molecular characteristics of 70 multidrug-resistant isolates belong to the two most frequent species of Shigella genus, that is, Shigella sonnei (44 isolates) and Shigella flexneri (26 isolates) were investigated. These isolates were used to evaluate both specificity and activity of Shigella-specific bacteriophages, vB_SflS-ISF001, vB_SsoS-ISF002, and a cocktail of both. Twelve out of the 21 tested resistance genes were detected in the isolates. About 59% of S. sonnei and 46% of S. flexneri isolates were identified as ESBL producers. The bacteriophages showed a high efficiency of plating (EOP ‡0.5) in about 75% of the isolates. Moreover, the growth of >85% of the isolates was inhibited by the phage cocktail of vB_SflS-ISF001 and vB_SsoS-ISF002. The phage cocktail was effective against a wide range of ESBL-positive and -negative isolates of S. sonnei and S. flexneri. Therefore, this phage cocktail has the potential to inhibit or significantly decrease the spread of drug-resistant Shigella in humans, food chains, and water/wastewater sanitation systems.

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Clonal dissemination of a single Shigella sonnei strain among Iranian children during Fall 2012 in Tehran, I.R. Iran

Cited by 16 publications

References 46 publications

Determination of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and frequency of CTX-M, TEM, and SHV Β-Lactamase Encoding Genes among Shigella Isolates from Inpatients in Tehran, Iran

Determination of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and frequency of CTX-M, TEM, and SHV Β-Lactamase Encoding Genes among Shigella Isolates from Inpatients in Tehran, Iran

Genotypic Diversity of Multidrug ResistantShigellaspecies from Iran

A New Phage Cocktail Against Multidrug, ESBL-Producer Isolates of Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri with Highly Efficient Bacteriolytic Activity

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