Clock‐drawing test: Normative data of three quantitative scoring methods for Chinese‐speaking adults in Shijiazhuang City and clinical utility in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Shao, Kai; Dong, Fang-Ming; Guo, Shang-Zun; Wang, Wei; Zhao, Zhuanjun; Yang, Yiming; Wang, Panpan; Wang, Jianhua

doi:10.1002/brb3.1806

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The influence of the level of education was investigated in 154 analyses from 100 studies, documenting an influence on test performance in 118 analyses (76.6%), all revealing a positive correlation between educational level and CDT. Some authors found an effect of level of education on performance at the CDT only between subjects with a very poor education (differently defined between the studies) when compared with all the others (Lessig et al, 2008;Ravaglia et al, 2003;Senger et al, 2019;Shao et al, 2020;Wolf-Klein et al, 1989). On the contrary, Cooke et al (Cooke et al, 2009) found that only completion of a tertiary educational level had a significant correlation with CDT performance.…”

Section: Level Of Educationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Cultural influence on clock drawing test: A systematic review

Maestri

Nicotra

Pomati

et al. 2022

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Objective: Dementia among migrants is an emerging phenomenon worldwide and the development of neuropsychological tests sensitive to cultural differences is increasingly regarded as a priority. The Clock Drawing Test (CDT) is one of the most used screening tools for the detection of cognitive decline. Nevertheless, there is still a debate about its adoption as a cross-cultural assessment. Methods: To identify cultural variables influencing performance at CDT, we performed a systematic review of literature on three databases of all studies considering the role of at least one of the following: (1) language; (2) education; (3) literacy; (4) acculturation; and (5) ethnicity. Results: We extrapolated 160 analyses from 105 studies. Overall, an influence of cultural determinants on performance at CDT was found in 127 analyses (79.4%). Regarding specific cultural factors, 22 analyses investigated the effect of ethnicity on CDT scores, reporting conflicting results. Only two scoring systems turned out to be sufficiently accurate in a multicultural population. Language influenced performance in only 1 out of 8 analyses. A higher level of education positively influenced test performance in 118 out of 154 analyses (76.6%), and a better quality of education in 1 analysis out of 2. A negative influence of illiteracy on CDT performance emerged in 9 out of 10 analyses. Acculturation affected performances at CDT in 1 out of 2 studies. Conclusions: Based on the present findings, caution is needed when using CDT in a multicultural context, even if it requires limited linguistic competence.

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Section: Level Of Educationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Cultural influence on clock drawing test: A systematic review

Maestri

Nicotra

Pomati

et al. 2022

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…Each category is subdivided in a particular type of error (see appendix). This method of scoring has been used widely in the literature [18,21,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. The CDT is scored as 16 -number of errors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clock Drawing Test Common Errors in Older People with Cancer

Najar

2023

J Oncology

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“…Widely validated in multiple countries and various neurological conditions [35][36][37][38] Comparable with MMSE results in cancer population [39] High inter-rater and test-retest reliability [40] Mean sensitivity 85% and specificity 85% to detect dementia [40] Not valid in those with ≤4 years of formal schooling [41]…”

Section: Effects Of Visual Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Assessment Tools Recommended in Geriatric Oncology Guidelines: A Rapid Review

et al. 2021

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Cognitive assessment is a cornerstone of geriatric care. Cognitive impairment has the potential to significantly impact multiple phases of a person’s cancer care experience. Accurately identifying this vulnerability is a challenge for many cancer care clinicians, thus the use of validated cognitive assessment tools are recommended. As international cancer guidelines for older adults recommend Geriatric Assessment (GA) which includes an evaluation of cognition, clinicians need to be familiar with the overall interpretation of the commonly used cognitive assessment tools. This rapid review investigated the cognitive assessment tools that were most frequently recommended by Geriatric Oncology guidelines: Blessed Orientation-Memory-Concentration test (BOMC), Clock Drawing Test (CDT), Mini-Cog, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). A detailed appraisal of the strengths and limitations of each tool was conducted, with a focus on practical aspects of implementing cognitive assessment tools into real-world clinical settings. Finally, recommendations on choosing an assessment tool and the additional considerations beyond screening are discussed.

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Clock‐drawing test: Normative data of three quantitative scoring methods for Chinese‐speaking adults in Shijiazhuang City and clinical utility in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Cultural influence on clock drawing test: A systematic review

Cultural influence on clock drawing test: A systematic review

Clock Drawing Test Common Errors in Older People with Cancer

Cognitive Assessment Tools Recommended in Geriatric Oncology Guidelines: A Rapid Review

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