Clinicopathological characteristics of cats with signs of feline lower urinary tract disease in the Czech Republic

Abstract

A total of 214 cats with signs of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) were assessed in this study. There were 81.30% males (82.20% of them neutered) and 18.70% females (80.00% of them spayed) with an age range from 9 months to 17 years (mean 5.1 ± 3.7). Most of the cats (111; 51.90%) were diagnosed with feline idiopathic cystitis; in 57 (26.60%) cats, uroliths were detected. A urinary tract infection (UTI) as well as urethral plugs were diagnosed in 23 cats (10.75%). In 100 cats, a non-obstructive form of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) was present; in 114 cats (exclusively males) a urethral obstruction was diagnosed. Most of the cats (141; 65.90%) were indoor-housed. The cats with the UTI were significantly older when compared to the other cases of FLUTD. The most common clinical signs reported by the owners were dysuria (39.70%), oliguria/anuria (31.30%), and vomiting (24.80%). In the cats with the urethral obstruction, oliguria/anuria and non-specific systemic signs were dominant whereas in the non-obstructive form, signs of a lower urinary tract disease were more frequent. The urine specific gravity ranged from 1.008 to 1.080, while in the cats diagnosed with UTI, it was significantly lower than the other cats. Haematuria was the most common finding within the urinalysis which was diagnosed in 181 cats (84.60%): macroscopic haematuria was present in 94 patients (43.90%), microscopic haematuria was present in 87 cats (40.70%). Pyuria was found in 36 cats (16.80%). In the UTI cats, the most common bacterial isolate was E. coli. Results of our study are in agreement with previous reports of FLUTD in various countries, with idiopathic cystitis as the most common cause.

Clinicopathological Characteristics of Cats with Obstructive Lower Urinary Tract Disease in the Aydın Province (Turkey)

“…The incidence and causes of FLUTD are affected by age, sex, and breed. A gradual decrease in the frequency of idiopathic cystitis and urethral obstruction and an increase in the frequency of urinary tract infections with age are reported (Lekcharoensuk et al 2001, Segev et al 2011, Kovarikova et al 2020. The fact that most of the cats evaluated in this study consisted of young and middle-aged (2-6 years) is consistent with previous data (Lekcharoensuk et al 2001, Segev et al 2011).…”

“…The second was Persian cats. Lekcharoensuk et al (2001) described that the risk of FLUTD may be higher in Persian and Himalayan cats, although no breed predisposition has been determined (Lekcharoensuk et al 2001, Saevik et al 2011, Kovarikova et al 2020. There are no obvious differences in the baseline characteristics of cats between the Group 1 and Group 2 in this study (Table 1).…”

“…Survival is related to the clinician's immediate intervention by anticipating the vital metabolic and hemodynamic disturbances that may occur in the patient. The clinicopathological features of cats with obstructive and/or non-obstructive FLUTD have been presented in regional studies (Gerber et al 2005, Neri et al 2016, Lew-Kojrys et al 2017, Kovarikova et al 2020). However, it is well known that climatic, environmental, dietary and behavioural factors play a role in the etiopathogenesis of this disease (Sumner and Rishniw 2017).…”

Epidemiology of urolithiasis in cats in the Russian Federation

“…Эпидемиологические исследования в Чехии и Германии показали более высокую инцидентность МКБ у кошек при постоянном содержании в помещениях, чем при свободном содержании [19,25]. В некоторых регионах РФ также отмечена подобная связь условий содержания с заболеваемостью МКБ.…”

“…Автор с сожалением констатирует, что в настоящее время для большинства регионов РФ эпидемиологическая статистика заболеваемости домашних животных уролитиазом недоступна. В зарубежных странах, в частности в Европейском [19,20,23,25] и Азиатском регионе [28], странах Американского континента [21,26,27] и Африки [29] регулярно публикуются многочисленные исследования, посвященные эпидемиологии FLUTD и уролитиазу кошек. Автор надеется, что проблеме эпидемиологии уролитиаза домашних животных, в том числе кошек, в РФ будет уделяться больше внимания со стороны практикующих ветеринарных врачей и исследователей.…”