Clinicopathologic effects of Peste Des Petit Ruminant Virus infection in West African dwarf goats

Emikpe, Benjamin Obukowho; Akpavie, S. O.

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.09.009

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This investigation evaluated the lung morphometry in goats that had natural PPR and it reveals that 60% of the goats examined had complicated PPR with pulmonary consolidation ranging between 4.75% and 26.7% while only 40% of the goats had uncomplicated PPR with pulmonary consolidation ranging between 0% and 1% which were similar to those previously described in experimental cases (Emikpe & Akpavie, 2010a, 2011. This study also revealed that in natural PPR, the right lung was more affected than the left with 6.5% consolidation while the left had a mean value of 2.8%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…This investigation further highlights the lung and intestinal morphometry associated with natural and experimental PPR since the detailed pathological changes associated with natural PPR virus (Kumar et al, 2004) and experimental PPR virus (Emikpe & Akpavie, 2011) and their combination with Mannheimia hemolytica (MH) has been previously reported (Emikpe et al) especially the pattern of distribution pneumonia associated in goat (Emikpe & Akpavie, 2010a).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…There were also infiltrations of macrophages, giant cells, numerous lymphocytes in the submucosa with depletion of the payer's patches. The lesions were as previously reported in PPR (Obi et al, 1983;Emikpe & Akpavie, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

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The Gut and Lung Morphometry in Experimental and Natural Lineage 1 Variant of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection in Nigerian Goats

2011

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SUMMARY:The lung and gut morphometry in both natural and experimental Peste de petit ruminant (PPR) virus which are scanty in literature hence the need for this study. The goats that were submitted for necropsy in the Department of Veterinary Pathology University of Ibadan between 2009 and 2010 and the gross pathological diagnosis were PPR were enrolled in this study. The degree of pneumonia as a percentage of the total lung volume was estimated using standard methods. The gut morphometry of goats experimentally infected with PPR virus was also used. Student "T" test was used for the test of significance in evaluating the effect of age, sex and the lung consolidation pattern in natural PPR and analysis of the gut morphometry. Complicated PPR had significant higher pulmonary consolidation when compared with the uncomplicated PPR (p< 0.05). The pulmonary consolidation was significantly higher on the right lung with a mean percentage value of 6.54 than the left lung (p< 0.05). The caudal lobe was more consolidated than the cranial and middle lobes in natural PPR. The pulmonary consolidation was more in goats less than a year, while the buck had a significantly higher pulmonary consolidation than the does (p< 0.05). There was no significant difference in the mean length of the villi and width of the villi of PPR virus infected goats when compared to the control, however a significant difference was observed in the cryptal depth (p< 0.05). There was a significant difference in the mean villi length and cryptal depth of goats with complicated PPR (Mannheimia hemolytica) infected goats (p< 0.05) relative to the control. From this study, it showed that most natural PPR were complicated with bacteria and this complication may have contributed to the fatality associated with PPR especially those caused by lineage 1 viruses. This study also showed that secondary bacterial involvement in course of PPR affect the gut morphometry and that could account for the severity of intestinal lesion commonly observed with field PPR in Nigerian goats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

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The Gut and Lung Morphometry in Experimental and Natural Lineage 1 Variant of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection in Nigerian Goats

2011

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“…This is of particular concern for small holder rural farms where small ruminants are reared as the sole source of income (Emikpe & Akpavie, 2011). PPR is currently considered as one of the main transboundary animal diseases (TAD) that hampers livestock production in many developing countries particularly in West Africa and South Asia, notifiable to the Office of International Epizootics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) distribution in Ghana (2005–2013).

Folitse¹,

Amemor²,

Rejoice³

et al. 2017

BJVM

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“…This observation further showed that mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract is very important to obtain protection as the development of BALT has been related to a decrease in the level of lung colonization of MH (Effendy et al, 1998). This may probably be the reason why the group of goats that had more organised BALT had the less purulent or chronic type of pneumonia (Emikpe & Akpavie, 2010b, 2010c. This relationship may be agent dependent as hyperplastic BALT has been recognized in Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma bovis infections in goats with moderate bronchointerstitial pneumonia without macroscopic lesions while infection with Mycoplasma mycoides sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of Bronchial Associated Lymphoid Tissue to Intratracheal Administration of Peste des Petit Ruminants Virus and its Co-Infection with Mannheimia hemolytica in Goats

Emikpe

Ajisegiri

2011

Int. J. Morphol.

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SUMMARY:The morphometry of bronchial associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and its possible exploration as to the control of common viral and bacterial pneumonia and their co-infection in Sub-Saharan goats is scanty in literatures. This investigation utilizes archival tissues from study that involved 35 apparently healthy West Africa Dwarf goats which were divided into groups PPRV and PPRV+MH with 15 goats each while 5 goats served as control. PPRV goats were infected intratracheally with 1ml of pure cultured 106.5 TCID50 PPR Pestes des petit Ruminant virus (PPRV) grown in baby hamster kidney cell lines and PPRV+MH with 1 ml of PPRV and a week later 1ml of MH (Mannheimia hemolytica) A2. The BALT number, type and cellularity were determined using standard methods with the use of an image analyzer. Student t-test was used to test for significant differences. The results showed that the average number of BALT was significantly more in PPRV+MH infection than that of PPRV infection i.e. 6.20±3.63 for PPRV+MH and 4.11±2.92 for PPRV with more nodular types of BALT (8.01±1.83) than the aggregates type (4.3±1.50) while the average number of lymphocytes in the nodular, aggregate BALT significantly increased with 82.25±15.95, 56.00±7.28 in PPRV to 103.33±44.10, 66.00±7.93 in PPRV+MH respectively. There was an irregular pattern in the surface Area (SA) and Perimeter (P) of BALT following infections. The increase in average number of BALT and lymphocytes in PPRV+MH infection than that of PPRV infection showed that the development of BALT and the number of lymphocytes in BALT could be used to assess the mucosal immunity following intratracheal administration of PPRV and MH in goats. This is however the first study that described the morphometry of bronchial associated lymphoid tissue in experimental PPRV and PPRV+MH infection in Sub-Saharan goats.

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Clinicopathologic effects of Peste Des Petit Ruminant Virus infection in West African dwarf goats

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

The Gut and Lung Morphometry in Experimental and Natural Lineage 1 Variant of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection in Nigerian Goats

The Gut and Lung Morphometry in Experimental and Natural Lineage 1 Variant of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection in Nigerian Goats

Pattern of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) distribution in Ghana (2005–2013).

The Response of Bronchial Associated Lymphoid Tissue to Intratracheal Administration of Peste des Petit Ruminants Virus and its Co-Infection with Mannheimia hemolytica in Goats

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