Clinicopathologic Aspects of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: Role of PTEN, BCL2 and P53

Abstract

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women. The alterations of Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and p53 expression seem to be significant in the development of various types of cancers. The altered expressions of PTEN, Bcl2 and p53 and their involvement in cancer of the uterine cervix are not well recognized. Aim: This study aimed at examining the expression patterns of PTEN, Bcl2 and p53 proteins and comparing them with the grade and stage of cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: Tissue blocks of SCC and ten cases of inflammatory lesions of the uterine cervix were examined immunohistochemically for the expression of PTEN, Bcl2 and p53 proteins. Results: Loss of PTEN expression was identified in 45.33% of cervical SCC and no expression was found in inflammatory lesions (p ≤ 0.05). PTEN expression was significantly associated with the clinical stage of SCC (61.36% and 45.16% in stages I–II and III–IV, respectively) (p < 0.05), but not with the degree of differentiation of the SCC. The expression of Bcl2 was significantly high (60%) in cancer cases than in control cases (p < 0.05). Bcl2 did not show any significant association with the histologic type and clinical stage of the SCC of the uterine cervix. The expression of p53 protein was significantly high (57.33%)) in cancer tissue, and no expression was noted in control cases (p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression pattern of p53 protein in cervical cancer tissue samples was not linked with the patient age, grade and stage of the cervical SCC (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The reduced expression of PETN and overexpressions of Bcl2 and p53 might play an indispensable role in carcinogenesis of cervical SCC. Moreover, a relationship was detected between PTEN expression and clinical stage of the cervical SCC.

Quercetin, a Plant Flavonol Attenuates Diabetic Complications, Renal Tissue Damage, Renal Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

“…Briefly, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections were deparaffinized using xylene, rehydrated, and washed in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.0), and the remaining protocols were followed as per the method described earlier [ 26 , 27 ]. The COX-2 protein of Abcam, Cambridge, U.K. was used as primary antibodies and incubated for 1 h at 4 °C, followed by incubation with the secondary antibody for 60 min, then streptavidin–biotin enzyme complex for 1 h. Diaminobenzidine (DAB) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, ab 64259) chromogen was then applied accordingly, and hematoxylin was used as a counterstain.…”

Therapeutic Potential of Ajwa Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) Extract in Prevention of Benzo(a)pyrene-Induced Lung Injury through the Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cell Signalling Molecules

“…In order to determine the expression of Bax and VEGF protein in the lung tissue, the 5 µm thick sections were processed for immunohistochemical staining by following the protocols from previously-published studies [26,27]. The scoring for protein expressions were calculated by two independent pathologists in a blinded manner.…”

Effects of Berberine and Its Derivatives on Cancer: A Systems Pharmacology Review

“…If the cell is damaged and cannot be repaired, p53 protein will participate in the initiation process, allowing the cell to initiate apoptosis. For example, p53 can inhibit BCL2 by BAX, which increases the BAX/BCL2 ratio and can also induce cell apoptosis by Apaf-1 regulation of the underlying signal caspase 3 (Babiker et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2018;Ma et al, 2019;Nkpaa et al, 2019). The tumor suppressor p53 was reported to play a key role in the anti-tumor action of berberine.…”