Parental acceptance is a robust protective mechanism against poor mental health in sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth. Yet, little work has examined how parent-focused interventions could increase parental support of SGM youth while simultaneously reducing parental rejection. To inform parenting intervention content and strategies for parental engagement in such interventions, this mixed-methods study examined how non-SGM parents of SGM youth (N = 205) qualitatively described their relationship with their SGM child and quantitatively rated their interest, willingness, and preferences regarding receiving interventions to increase their support for their SGM child. Using an open-ended question in which parents described their relationship with their child, we examined how both the content (i.e., themes) and the structure (i.e., word usage) of responses differed among parent subgroups varying in their reactions to their child's SGM identity (i.e., positive/affirming, mixed, negative). Next, we quantified parents' interest, willingness, and preferences in parenting interventions stratified by parent subgroups. Results identified strong thematic and structural differences between parent subgroups in how they described the parent-child relationship. Intervention interest, willingness, and preferences also differed between parent subgroups. For example, parents who responded negatively to their child's SGM identity expressed greater interest in in-person interventions lasting four or more sessions, while parents with mixed or positive responses indicated a preference for an online, self-paced video intervention format. These findings suggest that interventions to enhance parental support of their SGM children might be most successful when tailored, in terms of content, format, and modality, to their degree of support for their SGM child.
Public Significance StatementThis article investigates how parents' descriptions of their relationships with their SGM children, as well as their preferences for SGM-affirmative parenting intervention content, format, and modality, might inform how to most effectively develop such interventions to increase their support for their SGM children. By increasing parental support, such interventions can potentially buffer SGM youth against the negative mental health effects of minority stress.