Clinical Utility of miRNA-1, miRNA-29g and miRNA-133s Plasma Levels in Prostate Cancer Patients With High-Intensity Training After Androgen-Deprivation Therapy

Abstract

The randomized trials showed that the addition of training resistance program to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) had many beneficial effects for prostate cancer (PC) patients (significant protective effect on the volume of muscle mass) and the studies have revealed a panel of miRNAs, which are deregulate in PC and may serve as promising biomarkers of PC risk. The primary aim of our present study was to investigate the effect of exercise training to changes in body composition (muscle strength) and the secondary endpoint was to investigate the impact of an exercise training program on plasma levels of selected myogenic microRNAs (miRNAs) (miRNA-1, miRNA-29b, and miRNA-133) in PC patients undergoing the ADT. Effect of ADT and exercise intervention showed significant increase (experimental group vs. control group) the changes in body composition, free testosterone levels, IL-6 and plasma levels of myogenic miRNAs and significant reduced insulin serum levels. In conclusion, resistance training with ADT in the treatment of PC significantly changed the physical and metabolic function and the plasma levels of specific myogenic miRNAs. Our data support with the other publicized results.

Effects of resistance exercise in prostate cancer patients

“…Taaffe et al [50] reported similar findings, although the between-group difference did not reach statistical significance. Finally, Gazova et al [47] reported no effect of 4 months of RE on BMD. The results of the included studies are presented in Table 2.…”

“…The risk of bias analysis showed that the five independent articles published after 1 January 2017 were predominantly of a moderate to high methodological quality, with the exception of one study being classified as having a high risk of bias [47]. The results of the analysis for both the intention-to-treat effect are shown in Fig.…”

“…Ultimately, 42 articles met the inclusion criteria of being relevant RE interventions with RE either as the sole exercise intervention or in combination with other exercise modalities in PCa patients . Of those, 22 were identified as independent studies [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][47][48][49][50][51], which published the primary outcomes in a specific population sample for the first time. In the other 20 articles, additional outcomes or analyses of former trials were published [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][52][53][54][55][56].…”

“…The level of evidence of the majority of the studies was graded as Ib, with the exception of one study, which was graded as IIb, due to low methodological quality. This study [47] suffered from a very small sample size, an insufficiently defined primary outcome, and within-group comparisons as the primary method of analysis. The level of evidence of the included studies is presented in Table 1.…”

“…Apart from strengthening the evidence for the positive effects of RE on muscle strength, body composition, cardiovascular capacity, physical functioning and fatigue [47][48][49][50]57], recent studies have indicated that a combination of RE and impact training (IT) decel- erates the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) during ADT. Newton et al [49] reported that a one yearlong exercise intervention (RE + IT) resulted in a significantly lesser decrease in BMD, specifically at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck; however, the latter only at 6 months.…”