“…The most common applications of bismuth compounds concern gastrointestinal disorders. − For instance, BSS has a tradition of almost 100 years as an over-the-counter drug (under the U.S. trademark Pepto-Bismol) against travelers’ diarrhea, − against nonulcer dyspepsia, , and against other gastrointestinal complaints . All three, BSS, CBS, and TDB, were widely used and studied during the past decades in therapies against duodenal and stomach ulcers. ,,,,,,,− More recently, their interaction with the bacterium Heliobacter pylori, which is involved in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal ulcers, has attracted much interest. ,,,− Further studies and potential applications concern treatment of syphilis, − tumors, , radiotherapy, , and the reduction of the renal toxicity of “cisplatin”…”