Clinical profile, risk, and critical factors and the application of the “path toward intended violence” model in the case of mass shooter Dylann Roof

Allely, Clare S.; Faccini, Lino

doi:10.1080/01639625.2018.1437653

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the case description, the enactive account puts Roof’s fixation on his perceived bodily state into a framework of embodiment and embeddedness, for which he sought a niche that could serve as an affective scaffolding for feelings of inadequacy and inferiority. When the pathway, as described by Allely and Faccini (2019) , is seen from an enactive angle, it also becomes apparent how (and not just ‘that’) his initial feelings of unease developed into his sense of self in dynamic interaction with his environment. Thus, we should take the agent-in-relation-to environment (niche) as our central unit of analysis, not the individual per se .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We will illustrate our enactivist approach to grievance-induced violence by focusing on the vignette described in Box 1 (Dylann Roof). We build our account on the description of the path toward intended violence by Allely and Faccini (2019) , who intended to understand how Roof progressed on his pathway toward violence by framing the clinical findings and other critical factors in a threat assessment perspective. We followed Allely and Faccini’s description of these steps to gain even more depth by putting them into an enactivist account of how the diachronic dynamics of Roof’s sense-making and self-regulation spiral toward violent extremism.…”

Section: A Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Grievance-fueled violence can be better understood using an enactive approach

Sizoo

Strijbos²,

Glas³

2022

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding lone actor grievance-fueled violence remains a challenge. We believe that the concept of grievance provides an opportunity to add an engaged, first-person perspective to the assessment of lone actor extreme violence. We propose an enactivist philosophical approach that can help to understand the why and how of the pathway from grievance to violent extremism. Enactivism sees grievance as a dynamic, interpersonal, and context-sensitive construct that indicates how (potential) offenders make sense of the world they live in and how under certain circumstances it fuels violent behavior. Hence, grievance should not be understood as a given thing, but as an unfolding experience that involves sense-making through (regulation of one’s) interaction with the (social) environment. This (self-)relational and ecological understanding requires another approach than looking at demographic factors or life histories, only from an outsider’s perspective. Enactivism invites us to look at such risk factors as external indices of an ongoing process of active self-regulation and sense-making, and in some cases spiraling toward extreme violence. To understand the mindset of the offender we need to look more in depth at the processes that shape this mindset: why does this person, with this history, in this context, and at this point in time, proceed to use violence? The enactivist approach to the mind offers a complementary framework that may help us to understand the dynamics of grievance as a possible precursor to violent extremism. It also helps to appreciate why the relative unpredictability of the pathway toward lone actor extreme violence is not necessarily a sign of empirical weakness but a matter of principle due to the non-linearity of the processes involved. We end by summarizing how enactivism could contribute to the prevention of extremist violence and research and how it can help to avoid reinforcing stigmas and re-establishing a confirmation bias.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Grievance-fueled violence can be better understood using an enactive approach

Sizoo

Strijbos²,

Glas³

2022

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This model frequently is employed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI) Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU) to help conceptualize cases of intended violence (U.S. Department of Justice, 2017) as well as researchers analyzing other high-profile mass violence events (e.g., Allely & Faccini, 2017a, 2017b, 2018; Faccini & Allely, 2016). Additionally, the U.S.…”

Section: The Path To Intended Violence Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This model was developed to overcome the limitations of other techniques, such as utilizing diagnoses and profiling, to predict violence (Allely & Faccini, 2017b), which can be even more difficult to employ given the small base rate of school and mass shootings that limits potential forecasting efforts (Borum et al, 1999; Rocque, 2012). As noted, this model has been applied to other such mass violence cases, including the perpetrators of the attacks in Oslo and Utøya, Norway in 2011 (Allely & Faccini, 2017a; Faccini & Allely, 2016), Newtown, Connecticut in 2012 (Allely & Faccini, 2017a), Isla Vista, California in 2014 (Allely & Faccini, 2017b; White, 2017), and Charleston, South Carolina in 2015 (Allely & Faccini, 2018). It bears noting, however, that these prior studies focused primarily on the perpetrators’ psychopathology and developmental disorders using assessments relative to conditions like Asperger’s syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, and narcissistic personality disorder.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Parkland Mass Shooting and the Path to Intended Violence: A Case Study of Missed Opportunities and Avenues for Future Prevention

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The 2018 mass shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida reignited a discourse about safety and prevention that often follows such tragedies. Using a case study approach, we analyze the events leading up to the shooting (via official records from law enforcement and the shooting’s review commission) to identify missed opportunities for intervention, de-escalation, and ultimately prevention. The Path to Intended Violence model is employed to highlight the perpetrator’s escalating behaviors from grievance through the attack itself. The lessons learned then are utilized to offer recommendations for schools and communities seeking to prevent similar mass violence attacks.

show abstract

“…As a researcher in the field of extreme violence, I have long been interested in studying the pathway to intended violence in mass shooters and lone actor terrorists. With my colleague, Dr Lino Faccini, we have explored the pathway to intended violence in a number of mass shooters/lone actors including Anders Breivik (Faccini and Allely, 2016a); Elliot Rodger (Allely and Faccini, 2017); Dylann Roof (Allely and Faccini, 2019); and Dean Allen Mellberg (Faccini and Allely, 2016b). We identify some of the pathway behaviours, warning signs, etc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%