Clinical profile and microbiological aetiology diagnosis in adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia

Costa, Maria Inês; Cipriano, Ana; Santos, Fábio Videira; Valdoleiros, Sofia R; Furtado, Irene; Machado, Antônia Maria de Oliveira; Abreu, Miguel; Bastos, Hélder Novais

doi:10.1016/j.pulmoe.2020.11.003

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This frequency rate of S. pneumonia was similar to the current study. In contrast to the current study, Costa et al [ 6 ] from Portugal, reported a higher frequency rates of H. influenzae (21.4%) than S. pneumoniae (14.1%) in sputum/BAL samples using culture method.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Multiplex polymerase chain reaction detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae and their antibiotic resistance in patients with community-acquired pneumonia from southwest Iran

et al. 2021

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Background This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in sputum of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) using culture and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) methods and to survey the antibiotic resistance patterns of aforesaid isolates. Result In total, 23.9 % (n = 22/92) of sputum samples showed positive results in the culture method. S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were isolated from 15 (16.3 %) and 7 (7.6%) samples, respectively. Using M-PCR, 44 (47.8 %) samples were positive for S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. Of these, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were detected in 33 (35.8%) and 11 (11.9%) of the sputum samples, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates of PCR in detection of S. pneumoniae in comparison with culture method were 100, 76.6, and 83.6%, respectively. While, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates of PCR in detection of H. influenzae in comparison with culture method were 100, 95.3, and 95.8%, respectively. Out of 11 isolates of H. influenzae, two strains confirmed as H. influenzae type b (Hib) and 3 isolates were type f. However, 6 isolates were non-typable. The co-trimoxazole and amoxicillin/clavulanate were the less effective antibiotics against S. pneumonia and H. influenzae, respectively. Ceftriaxone with 13.3% resistance rates was the most effective antibiotic against S. pneumoniae, while, clarithromycin, ceftriaxone, and gentamicin with resistance rates of 28.6% for each one were the most effective chemicals against H. influenzae isolates. Conclusion In this study, the prevalence of S. pneumoniae was more than H. influenzae using culture and M-PCR methods. The M-PCR provided better efficiency in detecting the bacterial agents in CAP patients compared to culture method. This method can improve the early detection of pathogens contributed to CAP. The drug resistant S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae indicated the need to develop a codified monitoring program to prevent further spread of these strains.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…H. influenzae is the second most frequently reported bacterium in patients with CAP. This Gram-negative bacterium exists in two forms: encapsulated (typeable) and unencapsulated (non-typeable) H. influenzae (NTHi) [ 6 , 7 ]. Encapsulated H. influenzae includes 6 serotypes a, b, c, d, e and f [ 8 – 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplex polymerase chain reaction detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae and their antibiotic resistance in patients with community-acquired pneumonia from southwest Iran

et al. 2021

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“…21 Luan Streptococcus pneumoniae. [21][22][23][24][25] The results of this study are like those percentage declines from baseline. 26,27 The results of this study showed that the decrease in PCT levels on the third day in the treatment group was much greater than the control group.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 70%

Effect of Ginseng Extract Supplementation on Procalcitonin Level, Neutrophil, and Length of Stay In Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia

2022

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Background: Pneumonia is an acute inflammation of the lung parenchyma caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites) and causes of high morbidity and mortality. Ginsenoside in ginseng have anti-inflammatory effects, potentially as adjunctive therapy in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients. As much as 43% of patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital in 2016 were hospitalized have passed away. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ginseng extract on levels of procalcitonin, neutrophils, and length of stay of community-acquired pneumonia patients. Method: The quasi-experimental clinical trial with the pretest posttest design approach was conducted on 26 community acquired pneumonia patients who were hospitalized in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta from October until November 2019 using consecutive sampling. The control group (n=13) received standard antibiotics while the treatment group (n=13) received additional ginseng extract 2x100 mg/day for 14 days. Procalcitonin was measured at admission, third and fourteenth day; neutrophils are measured at admission and third day; length of stay is based on the number of days of treatment in hospital. Results: There was a significant difference (P=0.001) towards decreased of serum procalcitonin levels between treatment group (-0.63±0.06) compared to control group (-0.38±0.07). There was a significant difference (P<0.001) towards decreased of neutrophil levels between treatment group (-6.68±1.34) compared to control group (-3.51±0.88). There was a significant difference (P=0.001) towards decreased of length of stay between treatment group (5.69±0.95) compared to control group (7.15±0.99). Conclusion: Ginseng extract containing ginsenoside as its main ingredient, can act as an anti-inflammatory which can be used as adjunctive therapy in community-acquired pneumonia patients who are hospitalized to accelerate clinical improvement and shorten the length of stay.

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“…Of concern, the difficulty in obtaining a reliable LRT specimen by non-invasive techniques [6], the wide range of microbial profiles (bacteria, virus, or, rarely, fungi) [7], the escalating threats of multidrugresistant (MDR) bacteria, and the long turnaround time of about 2-3 days to obtain culture results further complicated the ability to diagnose by conventional means [8,9]. However, microbiological methods are necessary in guiding empiric antibiotic regimens and prescribing appropriate treatment [10]. Hence, the development of rapid molecular diagnostic tools, coupled with updated epidemiological profiles of respiratory pathogens, as well as their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns, will be urgently required among HAP patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel Plus to the Conventional Diagnostic Methods in Determining the Microbiological Etiology of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia

Kamel

Alshahrani

Aboshanab

et al. 2022

Biology

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Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a substantial public health issue that is associated with high mortality rates and is complicated by an arsenal of microbial etiologies, expressing multidrug-resistant phenotypes, rendering relatively limited therapeutic options. BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel plus (BFPP) is a simple multiplexed PCR system that integrates sample preparation, nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and analysis of microbial etiology, with a turnaround time of about one hour. In comparison to standard culture methods, BFPP is simpler, easier to perform, and can simultaneously detect the most common pathogens involved in lower respiratory tract infections (34 targets). Accordingly, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of the multiplexed BFPP for the rapid detection of 27 clinically relevant respiratory pathogens and 7 genetic markers among 50 HAP cases admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), who submitted mini-bronchoalveolar (mBAL) specimens. In comparison to standard culture methods, BFPP showed an overall sensitivity of 100% [95% CI; 90–100] and overall specificity of 90% [95% CI; 87.4–92.5] among all the tested bacterial targets. BFPP identified 11 viral targets (22%) among the tested specimens. The BFPP semi-quantitative analysis showed a concordance rate of 47.4% among positive culture specimens. For the investigation of the antibiotic resistance genes, BFPP showed a positive percent agreement (PPA), a negative percent agreement (NPA), and an overall percent agreement (OPA), reaching 97% [95% CI; 90–100], 95% [95% CI; 91.5–97], and 95% [95% CI; 93–97], respectively, with standard antibiotic sensitivity testing. In conclusion, BFPP has the potential to enhance the rapid microbiological diagnosis of HAP cases, and could aid in tailoring appropriate antibiotic therapies.

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Clinical profile and microbiological aetiology diagnosis in adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Multiplex polymerase chain reaction detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae and their antibiotic resistance in patients with community-acquired pneumonia from southwest Iran

Multiplex polymerase chain reaction detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae and their antibiotic resistance in patients with community-acquired pneumonia from southwest Iran

Effect of Ginseng Extract Supplementation on Procalcitonin Level, Neutrophil, and Length of Stay In Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia

Evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel Plus to the Conventional Diagnostic Methods in Determining the Microbiological Etiology of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia

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