Clinical Presentation of Cutaneous Manifestations in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (Type 1)

Kandı, Başak; Kaya, Arzu; Turgut, Dilara; Özgöçmen, Salih; Çiçek, Demet

doi:10.1111/j.1540-9740.2007.06495.x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This represents a chronic phase of CRPS (4,76,99,100). Trophic changes include increased or decreased hair growth, abnormal nail development, thin glossy skin and osteoporosis (5,(132)(133)(134). Clinical phases of CRPS are demonstrated in figure 1.…”

Section: Autonomic Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of early diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS-1 and CRPS-2): Delayed diagnosis of CRPS is a major problem

Breivik

Stubhaug

2016

Scandinavian Journal of Pain

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Recently, two other large retrospective, epidemiological studies were conducted, both of which were published in 2018. Ott and Maihofner included 1,043 CRPS patients from a 12German population (Erlangen -Nuremberg) in the period 1993 -2014, and found a total incidence (CRPS 1 and 2) of 13.6 per 100,000 person-years (2). Kim and colleagues identified a total of 74,349 CRPS patients in a Korean population of 51,448,491 (subscribers to the National Health Insurance Service) between 2011 and 2015, with a corresponding overall incidence (CRPS type 1 and 2) estimated at 29.0 per 100,000 person-years (25). The incidence of CRPS type 1 and 2 was 20.3 and 16.1 per 100,000 person-years, respectively (25). In the Korean study, patients were diagnosed according to the Persistent Disability and Assessment Guidelines by the American Medical Association rather than the Budapest or IASP criteria (25). In the German study, the diagnosis was made by Dr. Maihofner according to the diagnostic criteria considered valid at the time (IASP or Budapest criteria) (2).Regarding the prevalence of CRPS, it is relevant to refer to two large population-based, retrospective studies from the United States that were published in 2017. The largest study included 33,406,123 patients in the period 2007 -2011 and showed that 22,533 patients were discharged with a diagnosis of CRPS type 1, which corresponds to a period prevalence of 0.07% ( 26). The smaller study (period 2000 -2012) reported a total prevalence of 1.2% (CRPS type 1 and 2) in a material consisting of 6,575,999 patients (27). Differences in epidemiological data between studies may be conditioned by factors such as ethnicity, access to health services, age composition, socio-economic status and especially different use of diagnostic criteria (3, 12, 23, 28). Before the IASP criteria were established, the diagnosis of CRPS, which is a clinical diagnosis, was made on a variable foundation with diffuse criteria with a large degree of individual interpretation (15,(29)(30)(31). Furthermore, less accepted criteria have been presented by both Veldman (1993) (6) and Bruehl (1999) (24). Later (2010), the "Budapest criteria" have been established (5). Advantages and disadvantages of the different diagnostic criteria, as well as different practices between different therapists constitute a major challenge when incidence and prevalence are to be investigated (2, 23, 28, 30).CRPS type 1 is more common than CRPS type 2 (2, 22). Some have reported differences of up to 88% versus 12% (CRPS type 1) (2), respectively, while the range varies between other studies (22, 25, 32, 33). CRPS affects all age groups, but is common in 40-60-year-olds (3, 6, 22, 25), and with the average age of diagnosis estimated at approximately 50 years (2, 3, 22).The condition is rare in children and epidemiological data are limited (34)(35)(36)

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Section: Autonomic Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of early diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS-1 and CRPS-2): Delayed diagnosis of CRPS is a major problem

Breivik

Stubhaug

2016

Scandinavian Journal of Pain

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“…Skin abnormalities may also become more prominent in later stages of the disease [5]. Notably, several hair, nail, and skin changes have been reported in patients with CRPS [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Patients may suffer from chronic edema of the affected extremity, recurrent skin erosions or ulcerations, erythematous papules, folliculitis, atrophy, dermatitis, nonimmune bullous eruption, or even develop cellulitis of the affected area [6,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning-Storm Periungual Capillaries in a Patient with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I

Perez

Vazquez

Canazza

et al. 2020

Skin Appendage Disord

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“…Localized hypertrichosis has been reported to develop at the site of malignancies, psoralen+ ultraviolet-A light therapy, and infection (chickenpox scars); at the periphery of burned skin; in the leg after radical inguinal lymphadenectomy; and after topical use of diverse medicaments (such as minoxidil, prostaglandine, and glucocorticoids) and is also reported in connection with CRPS [4]. Pathogenically, we postulate that the cutaneous hyperemia, as a part of the CRPS, induced the hypertrichosis by stimulating the hair follicles [5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized Hypertrichosis after Index Finger Revascularization and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Wechselberger¹,

Schwaiger

Wolfram

2014

Arch Plast Surg

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Clinical Presentation of Cutaneous Manifestations in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (Type 1)

Abstract: These cutaneous changes are not rare in CRPS I and generate difficulties for the patient; therefore, they should be prevented during the early stages of CRPS I with use of an effective treatment.

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Importance of early diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS-1 and CRPS-2): Delayed diagnosis of CRPS is a major problem

Importance of early diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS-1 and CRPS-2): Delayed diagnosis of CRPS is a major problem

Lightning-Storm Periungual Capillaries in a Patient with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I

Localized Hypertrichosis after Index Finger Revascularization and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

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