Clinical predictors of prognosis in patients with traumatic brain injury combined with extracranial trauma

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether routine blood tests on admission and clinical characteristics can predict prognosis in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) combined with extracranial trauma. Methods: Clinical data of 182 patients with TBI combined with extracranial trauma from April 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Based on GOSE score one month after discharge, the patients were divided into a favorable group (GOSE 1-4) and unfavorable group (GOSE 5-8). Routine blood tests on admission and clinical characteristics were recorded. Results: Overall, there were 48 (26.4%) patients with unfavorable outcome and 134 (73.6%) patients with favorable outcome. Based on multivariate analysis, independent risk factors associated with unfavorable outcome were age (odds ratio [OR], 1.070; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.018-1.124; p< 0.01), admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (OR, 0.807; 95% CI, 0.675-0.965; p< 0.05), heart rate (OR, 1.035; 95% CI, 1.004-1.067; p< 0.05), platelets count (OR, 0.982; 95% CI, 0.967-0.997; p< 0.05), and tracheotomy (OR, 15.201; 95% CI, 4.121-56.078; p< 0.001). Areas under the curve (AUC) of age, admission GCS, heart rate, tracheotomy, and platelets count were 0.678 (95% CI, 0.584-0.771), 0.799 (95% CI, 0.723-0.875), 0.652 (95% CI, 0.553-0.751), 0.776 (95% CI, 0.692-0.859), and 0.688 (95% CI, 0.606-0.770), respectively. Conclusions: Age, admission GCS score, heart rate, tracheotomy, and platelets count can be recognized as independent predictors of clinical prognosis in patients with severe TBI combined with extracranial trauma.

Incidence of mortality and its predictors among patients with head injury admitted to adult intensive care unit at AaBET and ALERT hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

“…[ 17 ] Similarly, this finding is in line with a study conducted in Uganda on 194 head injury patients, where 23 (12.1%) died. [ 2 ] The mortality rate in this study is lower than that of Felegehiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (30.45%),[ 21 ] Tongji Hospital (26.4%),[ 22 ] and Benin City (52.2%). [ 23 ] The difference in mortality rate among the studies could be due to differences in the quality of care, the severity of the head injury, and the background of the patients.…”

Predictors of Early Outcome in Patients Admitted at the Emergency Department with Traumatic Brain Injury: a Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

“…There is a univariate link between the outcome of TBI and its predictors (10). Significant prognostic factors, such as laboratory variables (platelets, hemoglobin, and glucose), hypoxia, hypotension, and eye and verbal components of GCS, are linked to poorer outcomes (11). Poor outcome and hypotension also had a link.…”

Credibility of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Count Ratio in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

“…Chen et al, summarized that the performance of the NLR for predicting a functional outcome in severe TBI was similar to GCS scores (AUC = 0.719, 95% CI 0.673-0.766). Nonetheless, some studies have highlighted that NLR is a weaker predictor of mortality in TBI patients than GCS [73,93,105].…”