Clinical pharmacists’ perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy services in Hong Kong

Abstract

Objectives To identify barriers and facilitators that influenced the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy service (CPS) in Hong Kong’s public hospitals from clinical pharmacists’ perspective. Methods A qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews of clinical pharmacists who practiced in paediatrics in public hospitals in Hong Kong. Interview schedule was designed based on determined themes identified in previous research and pilot testing was performed. The coding process was performed by two researchers with the resulting topics organised by thematic analysis. Consensus was reached amongst the researchers for the identification of themes that emerged during the interviews. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guideline was followed to ensure the complete and transparent reporting of this research. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the research ethics committee of the relevant institutions. Key findings Of the 32 clinical pharmacists from across the study sites, 12 were interviewed. Five barriers and three facilitators were identified as main themes. The barriers that were identified which hindered service implementation include the service penetration into the healthcare system, practice environment constraints, lack of affirmation from the administrative stakeholders, governance of the profession and partnership with universities. The facilitators that were identified which enabled service implementation include other healthcare professionals’ trust and confidence in the service, the support from the pharmacy management team and clinical pharmacists’ self-efficacy. Conclusions Clinical pharmacists interviewed reported that the successful implementation of CPS in paediatrics in public hospitals in Hong Kong is an area of continued development with several key barriers identified.

Physicians’ and nurses’ perceptions of the factors influencing the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy services: a qualitative study

“…The factors that were identi ed in this study are coherent with a parallel study conducted with clinical pharmacists as part of a series of the PI's doctoral portfolio, thus re ecting the consistency and reliability of the ndings [13].…”

“…The methodology of this study was informed by the earlier publication from the same research team with different target participants [13]. Semi-structured interviews (SSIs) were used for data collection, with the interview guide developed based on factors identi ed in paediatric CPSs [14].…”

Physicians’ and nurses’ perceptions of the factors influencing the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy services in Hong Kong: a qualitative study

“…[9] The methodology of this study was informed by an earlier publication from the same research team with clinical pharmacists. [10] Semi-structured interviews (SSIs) were used for data collection, with the interview guide developed from the themes and subthemes identified in systematic reviews identifying factors in both adult and paediatric CPSs (see Supplemental Material). [11,12] As all researchers agreed that no amendments were required after pilot testing the guide with three participants and therefore, the data were included in the analysis.…”

The barriers and challenges that hinder the quality implementation in Tripoli – Lebanon hospitals

“…The findings from this study of 32 respondents (clinical pharmacists) identified five primary obstacles hindering service implementation in the pediatric clinical pharmacy. [6] These barriers included administrative challenges, facility environment constraints, insufficient service penetration into the healthcare system, weak governance and waning professionalism, and lack of partnership with research institutions. [6] According to the study, remedies for the pediatric service implementation consisted of self-efficacy from clinical pharmacists and pharmacy management team, confidence, and trust from healthcare professionals.…”