Clinical Outcome of Neonates Born to SARS-CoV-2 Positive Mothers in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Panda, Santosh Kumar; Mishra, Alok Kumar; Pathak, Mona

doi:10.7759/cureus.22958

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Neonatal mortality was found to be 1.7%. Panda et al (25) reported fetal distress in mothers of SARS-CoV-2 in only three studies, and fetal distress was observed in 50 (18.2%) of 275 deliveries. In 11 studies, 19 (1.14%) out of a total of 1,666 baby births were stillbirths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on pregnancy and newborn outcome

Sero

Okur

Tunçel

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19); It was more devastating in people with comorbidities such as advanced age and immunodeficiency. Another group affected by COVID-19 was pregnant women. Immunological changes during pregnancy and conditions such as gestational diabetes and preeclampsia that occur during pregnancy also have effects on the fetus. Objective: We aimed to analyze the effects of PCR-proven COVID-19 infection during pregnancy on fetus and newborn. Study Design: Data from pregnant women with COVID-19 symptoms or a history of contact with people with COVID-19 who were infected with PCR-proven COVID-19 virus between December 2019 and October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and laboratory data of pregnant women were analyzed. Death data associated with -19 were evaluated. Clinical and laboratory findings of newborns related to COVID-19 and mortality data related to COVID-19 were recorded. Results: 327 pregnant women whose births were terminated by continuing their follow-up in our hospital were evaluated. 185 (56.6%) of the pregnant women had at least one COVID-19-related symptom. Thoracic computed tomography of ten cases included COVID-19 findings. Fifty-three (16.2%) pregnant women were over 35 years old. No significant difference was found between pregnancy over 35 years of age and maternal death. The rate of hospitalization in the intensive care unit of mothers with diabetes was statistically higher (p=0.034). The mortality rate was higher in preeclamptic mothers (p=0.029). A total of 34 infants died; 21 died in the intrauterine period and 13 died in the postnatal period. 5 of the neonatal deaths were due to COVID-19. Conclusion: While COVID-19 infection in pregnancy seriously affects mortality and morbidity in pregnant women, it also causes mortality and morbidity on the fetus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on pregnancy and newborn outcome

Sero

Okur

Tunçel

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…8 A systematic review of 19 researches from different nations around the world revealed a pooled percentage of 84% of LSCS among moms who tested positive for COVID which is almost equal to our study. 9 Mean birth weight of neonates born to non-COVID maternal population was significantly higher than neonates 26.00% 0.80% 13 According to a study conducted on 706 pregnant women with and 1424 pregnant women without a COVID-19 diagnosis, women who tested positive had a greater risk of maternal morbidity and newborn mortality (RR=22) and RR=1.59, respectively. 15 Severe perinatal mortality and morbidity index was found to be twice (RR=2.14) higher among women with COVID-19 which supports present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal outcome of neonates born to COVID SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers: a comparative study

Narayanappa

Ashwathnarayana

Srikantha

et al. 2023

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background: The entire world is experiencing a difficult scenario because of COVID-19 infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2). It is imperative to have comprehensive information on how COVID-19 affects pregnancy-related outcomes when compared to outcomes in uninfected pregnant women. Methods: Neonates born to SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers were included in the case group (n=127) and neonates born to SARS-CoV-2 negative mothers were included in the control group (n=127) in this prospective comparative study. In both groups, the mothers were matched for age, body mass index (BMI), morbidities, and parity. Neonatal morbidity and mortality in both groups were examined after neonates were monitored for 7 days after delivery. Results: Neonatal morbidity was more among neonates born to COVID positive mothers (p<0.05) but mortality did not show any significant difference. There was statistically significant difference in gestation and birth weight among cases and controls. No neonate born to COVID positive mother was tested positive for COVID by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Mean APGAR score at 1min was less among neonates born to COVID positive mothers but at 5 minutes it was almost similar among both groups. Conclusions: According to the study's findings, maternal COVID-19 infection significantly affects perinatal outcomes, neonatal morbidity, birth weight, and neonate gestational age.

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“…A study by Salvatore et al [ 18 ] from New York City found that 17% (14/82) of neonates were preterm, and the median gestational age was 38 weeks (range = 27-41). The main reasons were maternal COVID-19 leading to hypoxemia, fetal distress, and birth asphyxia or meconium-stained amniotic fluid [ 20 - 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Clinical Attributes: A Single-Center Study From Western Uttar Pradesh

Imran¹,

Gupta²,

Sharma³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background Globally, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) has infected millions of people to date. The morbidity and mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2 are higher in diabetics than those with chronic kidney disease and in the elderly. In pregnant women, it causes an increased risk for preeclampsia/eclampsia, infections, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, maternal mortality, and preterm birth. In neonates, SARS‑CoV‑2 infection has been found to cause stillbirths, growth retardation, premature delivery, increased neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and need for oxygen support. The neonate can get infected by vertical or horizontal transmission. As most studies have focussed on transmission at the time of birth only, in this study, we explored both vertical and horizontal transmission along with the clinical attributes of those born to mothers with SARS‑CoV‑2 infection. Methodology A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics of a tertiary care hospital over 12 months from October 2020 to October 2021. All reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant females admitted to the facility during the study duration were included. The enrolled mothers were followed till delivery. The mothers and neonates were managed per standard guidelines. Delivery details and neonatal outcomes were recorded. Coronavirus disease 2019 sampling in newborn babies was done at birth (within 24 hours) using a nasopharyngeal swab sample for RTPCR along with cord blood for SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin M (IgM). Complete blood count, C-reactive protein, serum electrolytes, random blood sugar, and chest X-ray were obtained for all babies at birth and thereafter according to requirement. In those roomed in with their mother, RT-PCR was repeated at the time of discharge or if they became symptomatic. Results A total of 44 mother-neonate dyads were included in the study. Cord blood IgM for SARS‑CoV‑2 was negative for all neonates, while throat swab RT-PCR was positive for two (4.5%) neonates immediately after birth. Overall, 13.6% of the neonates were premature, 27.2% of the neonates had low birth weight (<2,500 g), and 6.8% had very low birth weight (<1,500 g). Among those admitted to the NICU, 18.2% had respiratory distress; 4.5% had fever, lethargy, and poor feeding; and hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy was observed in 11.3% of the neonates. Moreover, 4.5% of the neonates had hypocalcemia on initial investigations. Mortality was seen in 2.2% (1/44) of the neonates. Rooming-in and breastfeeding were seen in 68.2% of the neonates. The horizontal transmission was seen in one (3.3%) roomed-in neonate. Conclusions Perinatal transmission of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection does occur but its rate is not significant. Furthermore, with proper infection prevention and control measures, the risk of perinatal transmission can be decreased. Breastfeeding and rooming-in do ...

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Clinical Outcome of Neonates Born to SARS-CoV-2 Positive Mothers in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on pregnancy and newborn outcome

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on pregnancy and newborn outcome

Perinatal outcome of neonates born to COVID SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers: a comparative study

Perinatal Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Clinical Attributes: A Single-Center Study From Western Uttar Pradesh

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