Clinical features of MCI: motor changes

Kluger, Alan; Gianutsos, John G.; Golomb, James; Wagner, Alvin; Wagner, Danielle; Scheurich, Samantha

doi:10.1017/s1041610207006461

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Such an approach may thus represent a methodological strength in that it is independent of factors such as language and culture, which might affect more traditional cognitive assessments. Similarly, motor assessments like the one used in our study are independent of the education level [34]. This may increase the accurate diagnosis of MCI among elderly population with low levels of education.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Mild Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with Impaired Visual-Motor Planning When Visual Stimuli and Actions Are Incongruent

2011

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Background/Aims: This study examined cognitive-motor integration in adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Previously, we showed that the performance of early-stage Alzheimer’s disease patients declined significantly as a visually-guided movement went from having a standard mapping (vision and action spatially aligned) to having a non-standard mapping (vision and action incongruent). The present study extends this line of research by examining the performance of individuals affected by MCI. Methods: The participants made finger movements over a clear touchscreen placed in two separate spatial planes to either constantly present or remembered visual targets. These spatial plane conditions were repeated with the direction of cursor motion rotated 180° from that of hand motion. We also tested an ‘arbitrary’ condition where symbols instructed the participants to move their hand in certain directions. Results: We observe that adults with MCI took significantly longer to plan movements requiring intermediate levels of non-standard mapping, relative to healthy older adults. Conclusions: These data suggest that movements requiring rule integration is affected even in individuals at a very early stage of cognitive decline. Cognitive-motor integration may provide a sensitive means to detect functional difficulty in early cognitive impairment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Mild Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with Impaired Visual-Motor Planning When Visual Stimuli and Actions Are Incongruent

2011

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“…During clinical examinations, patients are often requested to perform alternate forearm pronation and supination as fast as possible [45] . Alternating forearm movements are considered to be a test of more complex motor function than grip strength [15,22] . The ability to rapidly perform alternating patterns of movements such as pronation and supination of the forearm makes high demands on coordination of activity in different muscle groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship between gait and cognition [19] has also been observed between hand motor function and cognitive functioning [7] . Complex motor functions, like alternating hand movements, are affected earlier than gross motor function, such as grip strength, in the process of cognitive decline and precede the development of the clinical state of dementia [22] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slowing of Alternating Forearm Movements Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older People

Bramell-Risberg¹,

Jarnlo

Elmståhl³

2010

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background/Aims: Motor impairment is an important aspect of cognitive decline in older adults. It has been suggested that complex motor control is affected earlier than gross motor control. The aims were to investigate if complex hand motor function was more affected than gross motor function in cognitively impaired older subjects, and to present reference values. Methods: Alternating forearm movements and grip strength were studied in 301 cases, 419 intermediates and 1,207 controls, aged 60–93 years, controlling for demographic, health-related and functional factors and comorbidity. Global cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination, and episodic memory by 3-word delayed recall. Grip strength was assessed by the Grippit®. The frequency of alternating movements during 10 s was registered electronically. Results: Alternating movements but not grip strength was associated with cognitive impairment (right: p = 0.006; left: p = 0.022). The mean alternating movements for the 70-year-old male cases compared to the controls were 2.3 versus 2.5 Hz for the right, and 2.2 versus 2.4 Hz for the left arm (p < 0.05), and for the 60-year-old women 2.0 versus 2.3 Hz for the right arm (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Complex but not gross hand motor function is associated with early cognitive impairment.

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“…Deficits in fine Proceedings of the Nutrition Society and complex motor skills equilibrium, and limb coordination have been reported in older adults with MCI (47,48) . In particular, results show participants with MCI to have reduced performance on assessments of balance, gait function and coordination when compared with normal controls (47,48) . Moreover, early motor dysfunction, assessed by presence of gait slowing, co-exists with and may even precede the onset of cognitive decline in older adults (49) .…”

Section: Gait Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locomotion, cognition and influences of nutrition in ageing

Ayers

2013

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Gait and cognitive impairments in older adults can reflect the simultaneous existence of two syndromes that affect certain brain substrates and pathologies. Nutritional deficiencies, which are extremely common among elderly population worldwide, have potential to impact the existence and rehabilitation of both syndromes. Gait and cognition are controlled by brain circuits which are vulnerable to multiple age-related pathologies such as vascular diseases, inflammation and dementias that may be caused or accentuated by poor nutrition or deficiencies that lead to cognitive, gait or combined cognitive and gait impairments. The following review aims to link gait and cognitive classifications and provide an overview of the potential impact of nutritional deficiencies on both neurological and gait dysfunctions. The identification of common modifiable risk factors, such as poor nutrition, may serve as an important preventative strategy to reduce cognitive and mobility impairments and moderate the growing burden of dementia and disability worldwide.

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Clinical features of MCI: motor changes

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Mild Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with Impaired Visual-Motor Planning When Visual Stimuli and Actions Are Incongruent

Mild Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with Impaired Visual-Motor Planning When Visual Stimuli and Actions Are Incongruent

Slowing of Alternating Forearm Movements Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older People

Locomotion, cognition and influences of nutrition in ageing

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