Clinical factors correlated with vitamin D deficiency in patients with obesity scheduled for bariatric surgery: A single center experience

Abstract

Abstract. We aim to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in patients scheduled for bariatric surgery (BS), and to identify factors that might be associated with VDD. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study involving all consecutive patients scheduled for BS from 2017 to 2019. The exclusion criteria were missing data for vitamin D levels, intake of vitamin D supplements in the 3 months prior to serum vitamin D determination, and renal insufficiency. A total of 206 patients (mean age and body mass index [BMI] of 34.9 ± 10.7 years, and 44.3 ± 6.99 kg/m2, respectively) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled for data analysis. VDD (<19.9 ng/mL), severe VDD (<10 ng/mL), and vitamin D insufficiency (20–29.9 ng/mL) were present in 68.8 %, 12.5 %, and 31.2 % of patients, respectively. A significant inverse correlation was found between vitamin D levels and initial BMI, parathyroid hormone, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = −0.280, p < 0.05; r = −0.407, p = 0.038; r = −0.445, p = 0.005), respectively. VDD was significantly more prevalent in patients with higher BMI [−0.413 ± 0.12, CI95 % (−0.659; −0.167), p = 0.006], whereas no significant association between hypertension [−1.005 ± 1.65, CI95 % (−4.338; 2.326), p = 0.001], and diabetes type 2 (T2D) [−0.44 ± 2.20, CI95 % (−4.876; 3.986), p = 0.841] was found. We observed significant association between female sex and levels of vitamin D [6.69 ± 2.31, CI95 % (2.06; 11.33), p = 0.006]. The present study shows that in patients scheduled for BS, VDD deficiency is common and was associated with higher BMI, and female sex.

Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure to Alleviate Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Patients with Obesity Scheduled for Bariatric/Metabolic Surgery: a Pilot, Prospective, Randomized Multicenter Comparative Study

“…Furthermore, body weight (BW) reduction is associated with improvements in OSAS, with a 10% reduction in BW predicting an approximate 26-32% change in the AHI score [9]. An accurate preoperative multidisciplinary assessment of bariatric patients plays an important role in improving performance status, surgical outcome, and WL [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Previous studies have reported that a low-calorie ketogenic diet (LCKD) is safe and effective in reducing BW and liver volume in patients scheduled for BS, resulting in a reduction of intraoperative complications and operating time [18][19][20][21][22].…”

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Vitamin D Status of Patients with Severe Obesity in Various Regions Worldwide

“…The highest average level was reported in those from South America which was higher than the normal range. Lower dietary intakes of calcium with decreased serum calcium levels can justify the higher levels of PTH in South American cohorts [ 176 , 177 ], which can be detrimental for bone health.…”

Serum vitamin D level may be associated with body weight and body composition in male adolescents; a longitudinal study

“…A reverse association was found between body mass index (BMI) and vitamin D level [14,15] in some studies, while the others found no association between BMI and vitamin D [16,17].…”