Clinical examination of sheep

Lovatt, Fiona

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.04.020

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This study, in which the effects of caretaking, feeding and other environmental effects as well as the effects of seasonal difference on the occurrence and diversity of foot/hoof diseases were researched, has the distinction of being the first study done in our region. With this study it was concluded that the foot/hoof diseases of the sheep in the region were found to be at a higher rate in the pasture season, that the most widespread lesions were hoof deformations mostly in the front feet, that the rate of foot rot was very low compared to the average rates in both Turkey and throughout the world, that the animal owners were not knowledgeable in the areas of foot care and hoof trimming or that they did not care much about these issues [7,10,19] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mera Özellikleri ve Dönemsel Farklılıkların Koyun Ayak Hastalıkları Üzerine Etkileri: Kars ve Iğdır Yöresine Ait Saha Çalışması

Baran¹,

Yayla²,

Kiliç³

et al. 2015

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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With this study, in which the incidences of diseases seen in sheep feet raised in the Kars and Iğdır regions were evaluated clinically and radiologically according to two different seasons, a total of 8.000 sheep were examined in the pasture (n=4230) and pen/stall (n=3770) seasons; problems were detected in 1.080 (25.51%) of them in the pasture season and 520 (13.76%) of them in the pen/stall season. It was determined that the herd in general suffered primarily from horn and hoof deformations in the pasture season with 17.70% and in the pen/stall season with 11.78%. Osteophyte formations and rotation were detected in the phalangeal bones of 20 of the sheep, and osteolysis was detected in the third phalanx of 8 of the sheep. In the aforementioned seasons, the rate of foot rot was 2.83% and 0.82% respectively. It was detected that according to the breed of sheep, 54.69% of the foot problems were seen in Akkaraman, 39.81% in Morkaraman, 1.43% in Tujin, and 4.07% in other sheep breeds (Merino, Kıvırcık). In addition, it was concluded that animal owners do not have sufficient knowledge concerning foot and hoof care, or do not care much about this issue. In conclusion, it was determined that the most important foot problem for sheep raised in the Kars and Iğdır regions is hoof deformation, and it was concluded that this could largely be avoided with simple precautions. Keywords

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sheep foot diseases, which directly impact profitability due to the negative impact on animal welfare, pose a significant threat [6][7][8][9][10][11] . Because sheep have such a high tolerance of pain, as long as they do not have extreme foot lesions, they will not limp [9,12,13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mera Özellikleri ve Dönemsel Farklılıkların Koyun Ayak Hastalıkları Üzerine Etkileri: Kars ve Iğdır Yöresine Ait Saha Çalışması

Baran¹,

Yayla²,

Kiliç³

et al. 2015

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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“…Increased energy is provided to ewes by means of modifying the nutritional regime in the period before ewes would be put with rams for mating. At the start of the mating season, ewes should have a body-condition score of '3' to '3.5' on the five-point scale (Lovatt, 2010). 'Flushing' consists of administration of an additional quantity of concentrate feed mixture, on top of the ration administered to cover maintenance requirements of the animals and should commence at least 35 days before start of the mating period; that interval is equivalent to the length of two full oestrous cycles of sheep.…”

Section: Number Of Ovulations and Conceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between parasitic infections and reproductive efficiency in sheep

Fthenakis

Mavrogianni

Gallidis

et al. 2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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This review article summarises the many reports in the literature, confirming that, in sheep, parasitic infections can adversely affect reproductive efficiency; examples, which refer to all parts of the reproductive cycle of sheep, are as follows: trichostrongylosis in ewe-lambs (which can lead to delayed attainment of puberty), myiosis of the prepuce (which can cause impediment of mating), chorioptic mange or trypanosomosis in rams (which can lead to testicular degeneration or azoospermia, respectively), trypanosomosis or sarcoptic mange in pre-conceptual ewes (which can lead to poor conception rates or reduced number of ovulations, respectively), toxoplasmosis or neosporosis in pregnant ewes (which are causes of abortion), trichostrongylosis or trematode infections in lactating ewes (which can cause reduction of milk yield and can be a risk factor for mastitis, respectively), cryptosporidiosis in newborn lambs (which can be a cause of deaths), coccidiosis in growing pre-weaned lambs (which can cause suboptimal growth rate). In other cases, the reproductive status of the animal can influence the parasitic infection; examples are as follows: the increase in faecal parasitic output during the peri-parturient period (as a consequence of the peri-parturient relaxation of immunity), the heavier trichostrongylid infections of twin lambs compared to lambs from single parities (as a consequence of developmental origin issues in twin lambs). All the above examples support the idea of presence of interactions between parasitic infections and reproductive efficiency in sheep.

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“…Haemonchus contortus or liver fluke), and have been validated against red blood cell counts (Kaplan et al, 2004;Lovatt, 2010). In the AWIN project this measure has moderate to good inter-and intraobserver reliability.…”

Section: Gastro-intestinal Disorders (Including Infections Endoparasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the welfare risks related to the farming of sheep for wool, meat and milk production

2014

EFS2

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This scientific opinion is the outcome of a scoping exercise aimed to identify the main welfare consequences and associated risk factors for sheep across, and within, categories of management systems and production types. The exercise included the construction of a risk (conceptual) model, a literature review and an expert knowledge elicitation, involving an online survey and a technical hearing, in order to rank the welfare consequences on the basis of the amount of suffering and prevalence. Sheep farmed for wool, meat and milk production were the target population, focusing on ewes and lambs. Based on the degree of human contact, use of housing, nature of pasture management and provision of supplementary feeding, sheep management systems were characterised as: shepherding, intensive, semi-intensive, semi-extensive, extensive, very extensive and mixed. The conceptual model proposed seventeen welfare consequences. In ewes, the importance of the welfare consequences was rated differently in different management systems; however, across all systems, the most important welfare consequences were: thermal stress, lameness and mastitis. Prolonged hunger was rated to be more frequent in extensive and very extensive management systems, and mastitis in ewes reared for milk production. For lambs, there were few differences among management systems with thermal stress, pain due to management procedures, gastro-enteric disorders and neonatal disorders rated as main welfare consequences. Respiratory disorders were more frequent in intensive management systems. The technical hearing of experts facilitated consensus on the major risk factors for ewes and lambs. Animal-based measures exist for most welfare consequences in ewes and lambs, but many require further validation. The identified currently available validated ABMs for assessing the main welfare consequences in ewes are: body condition score, locomotion score, udder consistency and somatic cell count in milk; and in lambs: shivering, evidence of painful husbandry procedures and dag score (score of breech soiling). for the support provided to this scientific opinion. The welfare of sheep EFSA Journal 2014;12(12):3933 2 SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) Panel was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the main welfare risks related to the farming of sheep for wool, meat and milk production. The request consisted of the identification of the main welfare consequences and risk factors for which a risk assessment should be performed, as well as on the identification of the animal-based measures (ABMs) to evaluate the welfare consequences. Consequences and factors should be identified for sheep (ewes and lambs) farmed for the three production purposes (meat, wool and milk) and depending on the management systems used and the sheep breed typologies.This scientific opinion on sheep welfare is the outcome of a scoping exercise for the identification of the main welfare consequences and associated risk factors acro...

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Clinical examination of sheep

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Mera Özellikleri ve Dönemsel Farklılıkların Koyun Ayak Hastalıkları Üzerine Etkileri: Kars ve Iğdır Yöresine Ait Saha Çalışması

Mera Özellikleri ve Dönemsel Farklılıkların Koyun Ayak Hastalıkları Üzerine Etkileri: Kars ve Iğdır Yöresine Ait Saha Çalışması

Interactions between parasitic infections and reproductive efficiency in sheep

Scientific Opinion on the welfare risks related to the farming of sheep for wool, meat and milk production

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