Clinical evaluation of schizophyllan combined with irradiation in patients with cervical cancer: A randomized controlled study

Okamura, Koji; Suzuki, Masakuni; Yajima, Akira; Chihara, Tsutomu; Fujiwara, Atsushi; Fukuda, Toru; Goto, Shiro; Ichinohe, K; Jimi, S; Kasamatsu, T.; Kawai, Nobuyoshi; Mizuguchi, Koji; Mori, Soei; Nakano, Hitoo; Noda, Kiichiro; Sekiba, K; Suzuki, Katsuhisa; Suzuki, Tadao; Takahashi, Katsuyuki; Takeuchi, Kunio; Takeuchi, Shoshichi; Ogawa, Norio

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19860815)58:4<865::aid-cncr2820580411>3.0.co;2-s

Cited by 111 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Schizophyllan (SPG), a soluble β-glucan derived from Schizophyllum commune, is a drug that has been approved in Japan as an enhancer of radiotherapy in cervical carcinoma patients for the last three decades (18). It has been shown to form a complex with polydeoxyadenylic acid (dA) as a triple-helical structure (19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Nonagonistic Dectin-1 ligand transforms CpG into a multitask nanoparticulate TLR9 agonist

Kobiyama

Aoshi

Narita

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

112

108

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CpG DNA, a ligand for Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), has been one of the most promising immunotherapeutic agents. Although there are several types of potent humanized CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), developing "all-in-one" CpG ODNs activating both B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells forming a stable nanoparticle without aggregation has not been successful. In this study, we generated a novel nanoparticulate K CpG ODN (K3) wrapped by the nonagonistic Dectin-1 ligand schizophyllan (SPG), K3-SPG. In sharp contrast to K3 alone, K3-SPG stimulates human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce a large amount of both type I and type II IFN, targeting the same endosome where IFN-inducing D CpG ODN resides without losing its K-type activity. K3-SPG thus became a potent adjuvant for induction of both humoral and cellular immune responses, particularly CTL induction, to coadministered protein antigens without conjugation. Such potent adjuvant activity of K3-SPG is attributed to its nature of being a nanoparticle rather than targeting Dectin-1 by SPG, accumulating and activating antigen-bearing macrophages and dendritic cells in the draining lymph node. K3-SPG acting as an influenza vaccine adjuvant was demonstrated in vivo in both murine and nonhuman primate models. Taken together, K3-SPG may be useful for immunotherapeutic applications that require type I and type II IFN as well as CTL induction.innate immunity | two-photon microscopy | MARCO | Siglec-1 | β-glucan

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confidence: 99%

Nonagonistic Dectin-1 ligand transforms CpG into a multitask nanoparticulate TLR9 agonist

Kobiyama

Aoshi

Narita

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

112

108

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“…Thus, S. crispa is a good source material for preparing β-glucan in high yields (Harada et al, 2004). Lentinan (Chihara et al, 1969), schizophyllan (Okamura et al, 1986), and krestin (Mizutani et al, 1992), all of which contain β-glucan, have been reported to have antitumor activities, and lentinan has been reported to have anti-allergic effects (Hamuro, 2005), indicating that β-glucan enhances cellular immunity. Therefore, β-glucan of S. crispa may be responsible for anti-rhinitis properties in OVA-sensitized mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hanabiratake (Sparassis crispa) on Allergic Rhinitis in OVA-Sensitized Mice

Yao

Yamamoto

Kimura

et al. 2008

FSTR

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The anti-rhinitis properties of Sparassis crispa were investigated in mice. To examine the immunomodulative activity of oral administration of S. crispa, splenocytes obtained from ovalbumin-sensitized BALB/ c mice fed S. crispa were restimulated in vitro with the same antigen. Oral administration of S. crispa induced IFN-γ, but inhibited IL-4 and IL-5 secretion, and suppressed ovalbumin-specific IgE secretion by ovalbumin-stimulated splenocytes. The effects of S. crispa were further investigated by using the allergic rhinitis model in BALB/c mice. Nasal symptoms, sneezing and nasal rubbing induced by ovalbumin challenges were inhibited by oral administration of S. crispa in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, ovalbumin-specific serum IgE levels were diminished in this model. These results demonstrated that S. crispa may be effective in suppressing symptoms of allergic rhinitis through its immunomodulating activities.Keywords: allergic rhinitis, cytokines, hanabiratake, ovalbumin-specific IgE, Sparassis crispa *To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: takashi-kimura@unitika.co.jp IntroductionType I allergies, including pollinosis, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and asthma, are characterized by an elevated production of IgE and mast cell degranulation that result in release of histamine as well as other chemical mediators of allergy (Platts-Mills, 2001). The production of IgE from B cells is regulated by T-helper (Th) cells, which have been classified into Th1 and Th2 subtype (Mosmann et al., 1986). Th2 cells synthesize IL-4, which enhances the IgE production by B cells through inducing IgE isotype class switching and the proliferation of Th2 cells (Le et al., 1990;Swain et al., 1990). Th2 cells also synthesize IL-5 which enhances the IL-4-dependent IgE production (Pene et al., 1988). Therefore, Th2 cells and IL-4 are considered to be critical for IgE production. Conversely, IFN-γ produced by Th1 cells suppresses IgE production both by interfering with the IL-4-derived isotype class switching (Thyphronitis et al., 1989) and by inhibiting the proliferation of Th2 cells (Gajewski and Fitch, 1988). IL-12 produced by antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages, is known to stimulate both NK and Th1 cells to make them produce IFN-γ. These two Th1-type cytokines, IL-12 and IFN-γ, enhance the proliferation of Th1 cells (Belosevic et al., 1989;Hsieh et al., 1993). It is generally accepted that enhancement of Th2-mediated immunity causes IgE-dependent allergic diseases. Therefore, properly regulating the balance between Th1-and Th2-type immune responses to heterogeneous antigens is considered to be an important mechanism in the prevention and therapy of the diseases mentioned earlier. In fact, it has been indicated that oral administration of some lactobacillus can modulate the host Th1/Th2 balance and decrease serum IgE levels (Fujiwara et al., 2004;Kimoto et al., 2004). Furthermore, oral administration of the extract from Hatakeshimeji (Lyophyllum decastes) mushroom can modulate t...

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“…Recently schizophyllan has also been shown to increase overall survival of patients with head and neck cancers (Kimura et al, 1994). In a randomized controlled study of schizophyllan in combination with radiotherapy, schizophyllan significantly prolonged the overall survival of stage II cervical cancer patients but not stage III (Okamura et al, 1986(Okamura et al, , 1989. In a prospective, randomized clinical trial involving 312 patients treated with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy (fluorouracil) and schizophyllan in various combinations, patients treated with schizophyllan had a better overall survival than patients who had not received the polysaccharides (Miyazaki et al, 1995).…”

Section: Schizophyllanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-cancer effect of polysaccharides isolated from higher basidiomycetes mushrooms

Daba¹,

Ezeronye²

2003

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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He had focused a lifetime of research upon development of various antitumor substances from medicinal mushrooms, and is considered one of the 20 th century greatest scientist in his field. Mizuno proved that many polysaccharides with antitumor and immunopotentiating qualities were synthesised in cultured mycelia no less and in fact often better than in fruiting bodies. This result virtually revolutionised mushroom producing and processing business."Medicine and food both originate from the same root" is a Japanese proverb Mizuno often quoted. MinireviewAnti-cancer effect of polysaccharides isolated from higher basidiomycetes mushrooms Anti-tumor activity of mushroom fruit bodies and mycelial extracts evaluated using different cancer cell lines. These polysaccharide extracts showed potent antitumor activity against sarcoma 180, mammary adenocarcinoma 755, leukemia L-1210 and a host of other tumors. The antitumor activity was mainly due to indirect host mediated immunotherapeutic effect. These studies are still in progress in many laboratories and the role of the polysaccharides as immunopotentiators is especially under intense debate. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the available information in this area and to indicate the present status of the research.

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Clinical evaluation of schizophyllan combined with irradiation in patients with cervical cancer: A randomized controlled study

Cited by 111 publications

References 9 publications

Nonagonistic Dectin-1 ligand transforms CpG into a multitask nanoparticulate TLR9 agonist

Nonagonistic Dectin-1 ligand transforms CpG into a multitask nanoparticulate TLR9 agonist

Effects of Hanabiratake (Sparassis crispa) on Allergic Rhinitis in OVA-Sensitized Mice

Anti-cancer effect of polysaccharides isolated from higher basidiomycetes mushrooms

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