Clinical Evaluation of Nano-Hydroxyapatite as Dentin Desensitizer

Abstract

Objectives: This clinical study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of nanohydroxyapatite (n-HAp) in reducing dentin hypersensitivity individually or combined with fluoride. Materials and methods: Forty hypersensitive teeth from 10 patients with hypersensitive symptoms were treated using hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp) gel at different concentrations/ sodium fluoride (NaF) containing according to four treatment groups: Group 1; 15% nHAp + 1% NaF, Group 2; 15% nHAp, Group 3; 25% nHAp+ 1% NaF, Group 4; 25% nHAp. The initial sensitivity levels were recorded using a verbal rating scale (VRS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) at the baseline visit. The responses were evaluated at 0, 1 day, 1, 2 and 4 weeks respectively for all groups. Results: There was a high statistical significant differences between pain scores before and after treatment for all treated groups. There was statistically significantly high difference between 25% nHAp and the other groups, as they need 4 applications for complete relief while 25% nHAp needs only 3 applications. Conclusion: Nanohydroxyapatite with 25% concentration was the most effective in alleviating the hypersensitivity symptoms.

The Effectiveness of Calcium Phosphates in the Treatment of Dentinal Hypersensitivity: A Systematic Review

“…A total of 7515 articles were excluded after reading titles and/or abstracts, 12 records were excluded since reports were not retrieved, 57 records from database registers and 18 identified through other methods were read and analyzed in their full-text, and 55 records were excluded for reasons such as not good drugs tested ( n = 34), in vitro studies ( n = 11), or study on tooth decay ( n = 10), as shown in Figure 1 . Twenty records met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review: Poliakova et al, 2022 [ 30 ], Alharith et al, 2021 [ 31 ], Amaechi et al, 2021 [ 32 ], Eyuboglu et al, 2020 [ 33 ], Usai et al, 2019 [ 34 ], Amaechi et al, 2018 [ 35 ], Ameen et al, 2018 [ 36 ], Anand et al, 2018 [ 37 ], Vano et al, 2017 [ 38 ], De Oliveira et al, 2016 [ 39 ], Wang et al, 2016 [ 40 ], Gopinath et al, 2015 [ 41 ], Jena et al, 2015 [ 42 ], Mehta et al, 2015 [ 43 ], Naoum et al, 2015 [ 44 ], Mehta et al, 2014 [ 45 ], Porciani et al, 2014 [ 46 ], Vano et al, 2014 [ 47 ], Ghassemi et al, 2009 [ 48 ], and Geiger et al, 2003 [ 49 ]. The selection process has been detailed in the attached PRISMA flowchart ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…The follow-up range varied from immediately to 6 months. Most of the studies performed a 4-week follow-up phase [ 30 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 47 , 48 , 49 ].…”

“…Different formulations of calcium phosphate were used by authors: hydroxyapatite, nano-hydroxyapatite in different concentrations, amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), and tri-calcium phosphate (TCP). Molecules were tested in the form of toothpaste, gel, or chewing gum and administered through an in-office treatment in 10 studies [ 31 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 42 , 43 , 45 , 49 ]. In the other 10 studies, the treatment was performed by the patients themselves, at home [ 30 , 32 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 44 , 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”

“…In the other 10 studies, the treatment was performed by the patients themselves, at home [ 30 , 32 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 44 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. Most of the included studies used another desensitizing agent as a control [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 45 , 48 ], and four studies used only a placebo as a control [ 43 , 46 , 47 , 49 ].…”

Effect of sodium fluoride varnish, Gluma, and Er,Cr:YSGG laser in dentin hypersensitivity treatment: a 6-month clinical trial

“…Therapeutic strategies to reduce the dentin hypersensitivity are from prescribing desensitizer agents at home in mild cases, treatment in office in cases of no improvement or in severe, root canal treatment in very severe cases not responding to any at home or in office methods that only one tooth shows symptoms [4]. Various desensitizer agents with different mechanisms such as ProArgin™ (arginine 8%) and novamin (calcium phosphosilicate 5%) [5], nanohydroxyapatite 25% [6], and concentrations of 5 to 10% potassium oxalate [7] have been used in the dentin hypersensitivity treatment. Fluoride varnish closes the dentinal tubules by forming a mechanical barrier.…”