Clinical Evaluation of Hepatocarcinogenesis and Outcome Using a Novel Glycobiomarker <i>Wisteria floribunda</i> Agglutinin-Positive Mac-2 Binding Protein (WFA⁺-M2BP) in Chronic Hepatitis C with Advanced Fibrosis

Abstract

(< 1 COI, n = 7) levels were 78%/48%, 100%/82%, and 100%/100%, respectively. The differences in survival rates between groups were significant (p = 0.0041). Patients with high WFA + -M2BP levels had a significantly higher incidence of HCC than those with low WFA + -M2BP levels (p = 0.0019). Cumulative 5-yr carcinogenesis rates in patients with high, intermediate, and low WFA + -M2BP levels were 48.7%, 16.9%, and 0%, respectively; the differences between groups were significant (p = 0.002). Serum WFA + -M2BP levels might allow the prediction of carcinogenesis and outcome in CHC patients with advanced fibrosis.

Clinical Utility of Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation Isomer in Chronic Liver Diseases

“…An increase in M2BPGi levels over time was associated with HCC risk [32,39]. High M2BPGi levels also correlate with the prognosis of chronic hepatitis C [36]. A meta-analysis confirmed the utility of M2BPGi in diagnosing fibrosis and predicting HCC risk [21].…”

“…M2BPGi was developed as a biomarker using the serum of chronic hepatitis C patients and is now widely used for diagnosing liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C [19,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Numerous studies have compared the diagnostic accuracy of M2BPGi with that of liver biopsy in identifying liver fibrosis stage.…”

“…Numerous studies have compared the diagnostic accuracy of M2BPGi with that of liver biopsy in identifying liver fibrosis stage. The mean COI values of M2BPGi in histological fibrosis stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 are 0.88-2.23, 1.81-3.86, 2.3-3.53, and 3.12-7.86, respectively (Table 1) [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. In all cases, M2BPGi levels significantly increased as liver fibrosis progressed, which confirmed the utility of M2BPGi for diagnosing liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Liver fibrosis is a risk factor for carcinogenesis in chronic hepatitis C. Therefore, M2BPGi predicts the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).…”

“…In recent studies, several patients achieved SVR with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment [40][41][42][43]; hence, we discuss the role of M2BPGi in relation to SVR. M2BPGi not only strongly correlates with liver fibrosis but also weakly correlates with inflammation and alanine transaminase (ALT) [34,36,44]. Therefore, M2BPGi decreases rapidly during DAA treatment according to the improvement of inflammation or ALT level [45,46].…”

Impact of M2BPGi on the Hepatocarcinogenesis after the Combination Therapy with Daclatasvir and Asunaprevir for Hepatitis C

“…In addition, high M2BPGi levels were significantly associated with hepatocarcinogenesis and outcome in CHC cases with advanced fibrosis [13], and hepatocarcinogenesis in cases with the achievement of SVR [14][15][16]. Another glycomics-based marker, Gly-coCirrhoTest identifies compensated cirrhosis patients at risk for HCC incidence [17].…”