Clinical Enzymology

Schmidt, E.; Schmidt, F. W.

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(76)80855-1

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…For the purposes of studying enzyme release into plasma without the effects of distribution and elimination (6,7), patients and whole experimental animals were too complicated äs experimental Systems. Simpler Systems were therefore designed, from perfused organs to purely synthetic membranes (tab.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzyme Release

Schmidt¹,

Schmidt²

1987

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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Enzyme release was studied in various tissues in intact animals or by means of tissue slices, organ perfusion or isolated and cultured cells. The factors that determine the extent and the time course of the leakage were studied extensively with several liver enzymes. It was found that the molecular properties of the enzymes, their topology within the organ, their intracellular localisation, their inducibility on the one hand, the nutritional and energetic state of the organ, and the respective protein turnover on the other, and finally, the type of the organ lesion all contribute to the different release patterns, which are known from experimental studies, and which are utilized for the diagnosis of diseases.While these preconditions of enzyme release are fairly well understood, the nature of the membrane alterations and the mechanisms of detachment and transport of the enzyme proteins are less clear. Different models have been proposed, which may not exclude each other. Alterations of the cytoskeleton and the lipid composition of the plasma membranes are closely linked to ion imbalance, which is, in turn, dependent on the energy state of the individual cellular compartments.2. What modifies the extent of enzyme losses, so that various, sometimes highly characteristic enzyme patterns appear in plasma, which are different from the enzyme patterns of the organs of origin?3. How do cellular enzymes pass into the extracellular space? Which structures and processes are involvedactively or passively?The attempt to answer these questions will Startäs far äs possible -from own investigations, according to the nascent tradition of the Szäsz Lecture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2 shows experiments with the isolated haemoglobin-free perfused rat liver (5,7,8). Why do cells lose their enzymes, which they need, and which have no extracellular functions?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%