Clinical efficacy of the first two doses of <scp>anti‐SARS‐CoV</scp>‐2 <scp>mRNA</scp> vaccines in solid cancer patients

Cona, Maria Silvia; Riva, Agostino; Dalu, Davide; Gabrieli, Arianna; Fasola, Cinzia; Lipari, Giuseppe; Pozza, Giacomo; Rulli, Eliana; Galli, Francesca; Ruggieri, Lorenzo; Masedu, Elsa; Parma, Gaia; Chizzoniti, Davide; Gambaro, Anna; Ferrario, S.; Antista, Maria; Monte, Matteo De; Tarkowski, Maciej; Verde, Nicla La

doi:10.1002/cam4.5968

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

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Clinical efficacy of the first two doses of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccines in solid cancer patients

et al. 2023

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Introduction Cancer patients are frail individuals, thus the prevention of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is essential. To date, vaccination is the most effective tool to prevent COVID‐19. In a previous study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of two doses of mRNA‐based vaccines (BNT162b2 or mRNA‐1273) in solid cancer patients. We found that seroconversion rate in cancer patients without a previous exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2 was lower than in healthy controls (66.7% vs. 95%, p = 0.0020). The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the vaccination in the same population. Methods This is a single‐institution, prospective observational study. Data were collected through a predefined questionnaire through phone call in the period between the second and third vaccine dose. The primary objective was to describe the clinical efficacy of the vaccination, defined as the percentage of vaccinated subjects who did not develop symptomatic COVID‐19 within 6 months after the second dose. The secondary objective was to describe the clinical features of patients who developed COVID‐19. Results From January to June 2021, 195 cancer patients were enrolled. Considering that 7 (3.59%) patients tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 and 5 developed symptomatic disease, the clinical efficacy of the vaccination was 97.4%. COVID‐19 disease in most patients was mild and managed at home; only one hospitalization was recorded and no patient required hospitalization in the intensive care unit. Discussion Our study suggests that increasing vaccination coverage, including booster doses, could improve the prevention of infection, hospitalization, serious illness, and death in the frail population of cancer patients.

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Clinical efficacy of the first two doses of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccines in solid cancer patients

et al. 2023

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The discovery and development of mRNA vaccines for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Xue

Wong

et al. 2023

Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery

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Comparative Effectiveness of the mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines Among Adults With Underlying Medical Conditions: A Systematic Literature Review and Pairwise Meta-Analysis Using GRADE

Wang,

Pahwa,

Bausch-Jurken

et al. 2024

Preprint

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IntroductionThis systematic literature review and pairwise meta-analysis evaluated the comparative effectiveness of mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b in patients with at least one underlying medical condition at high risk for severe COVID-19.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant articles from January 1, 2019 to February 9, 2024. Studies reporting effectiveness data from at least two doses of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccination in adults with medical conditions at high risk of developing severe COVID-19 according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were included. Outcomes of interest were SARS-CoV-2 infection (overall, symptomatic, and severe), hospitalization due to COVID-19, and death due to COVID-19. Risk ratios (RRs) were calculated with random effects models. Subgroup analyses by specific medical conditions, number of vaccinations, age, and SARS-CoV-2 variant were conducted. Heterogeneity between studies was estimated with chi-square testing. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Development, and Evaluations framework.ResultsSixty-five observational studies capturing the original/ancestral-containing primary series to Omicron-containing bivalent original-BA4-5 vaccinations were included in the meta-analysis. mRNA-1273 was associated with significantly lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (RR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.79–0.92];I2=92.5%), symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (RR, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.65–0.86];I2=62.3%), severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (RR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.78–0.89];I2=38.0%), hospitalization due to COVID-19 (RR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.82–0.94];I2=38.7%), and death due to COVID-19 (RR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.76–0.93];I2=1.3%) than BNT162b2. Findings were generally consistent across subgroups. Evidence certainty was low or very low because sufficiently powered randomized controlled trials are impractical in this heterogeneous population.ConclusionMeta-analysis of 65 observational studies showed that vaccination with mRNA-1273 was associated with a significantly lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related hospitalization and death than BNT162b2 in patients with medical conditions at high risk of severe COVID-19.

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Clinical efficacy of the first two doses of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccines in solid cancer patients

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Clinical efficacy of the first two doses of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccines in solid cancer patients

Clinical efficacy of the first two doses of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccines in solid cancer patients

The discovery and development of mRNA vaccines for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Comparative Effectiveness of the mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines Among Adults With Underlying Medical Conditions: A Systematic Literature Review and Pairwise Meta-Analysis Using GRADE

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