Clinical efficacy of a revised dosage schedule of phenylbutazone in horses

Taylor, JB; Verrall, JH; Chandler, Nahum Dimitri; Jones, RD; Parker, Julie Faith

doi:10.1136/vr.113.8.183

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Also, antihistamine treatment using tripelennamine proved to be ineffective, but such agents are generally of limited use in the treatment of allergic reactions in the horse, probably because of the importance of other chemical mediators. Nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agents, such as flunixin meglumine, also have been generally ineffective in treating allergic diseases in the horse, and the failure of such drugs to control headshaking has been reported before (Taylor et al 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of some prophylactic therapies for the idiopathic headshaker syndrome

Mair

Howarth

Lane³

1992

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Eighteen horses affected by the idiopathic headshaker syndrome were studied in an owner assessed trial to test the efficacy of some prophylactic therapies. Riding the affected animal with a veil over the nostrils gave varying degrees of temporary relief in three of 10 horses. Local (intra‐nasal) corticosteroid therapy was reported to be slightly effective in three of nine horses, but treatment with sodium cromoglycate, systemic corticosteroid, flunixin meglumine and an antihistamine were generally ineffective. Bilateral infraorbital neurectomy provided sustained relief in three of seven horses, but in one of these cases, a reaction at the neurectomy site necessitated another surgical procedure after six months. A fourth horse was reported to be slightly improved after neurectomy. A period of nasal irritation resulting in selfinflicted trauma was a common complication of this surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of some prophylactic therapies for the idiopathic headshaker syndrome

Mair

Howarth

Lane³

1992

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…This may be accounted for by the lower dose (4.4 mglkg) of PBZ, in the form of a paste, fed to unfasrrd horses. We used a higher dose rate, only slightly higher than the loading dose in a clinically effective and safe dose regimen (Taylor & Verrall, 1983) to demonstrate more clearly the nature of the effect. Our study indicates that plasma penicillin concentrations were higher when PBZ was given, among other possible reasons, because the volume of…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of phenylbutazone on the plasma disposition of penicillin G in the horse

Firth

Nouws

Klein

et al. 1990

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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A pilot study in two ponies showed that the plasma concentrations of intramuscularly administered procaine penicillin were higher if phenylbutazone was administered concurrently. In two other trials, each involving five horses, intravenous sodium penicillin was administered with and without concurrent intravenously injected phenylbutazone, and procaine penicillin was injected intramuscularly with and without oral phenylbutazone. In both cases the plasma concentrations of penicillin were higher when phenylbutazone was given. The pharmacokinetic parameters indicated that the effect was probably due to a lower peripheral distribution because the penetration of penicillin into the tissues was greatly reduced.

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“…A revised schedule of 4.4 mg ⁄ kg twice daily for 1 day followed by 2.2 mg ⁄ kg twice daily for 4 days, then 2.2 mg ⁄ kg daily or as needed increased the margin of safety as no changes in clinical biochemistry or hematology were observed (Taylor et al, 1983b). This modified dose regimen did not compromise clinical efficiency (Taylor et al, 1983a). The American Association of Equine Practitioners recommends a dose of 2.2 mg ⁄ kg daily with the last dose not more than 24 h prior to post time (Harvey, 1983).…”

Section: Clinical Opinions On the Use Of Pbzmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The current lack of toxicity and observable side effects were based on the realization that the loading dose (4.4 mg/kg twice for 4 days) recommended by the manufacturer could be reduced. A revised schedule of 4.4 mg/kg twice daily for 1 day followed by 2.2 mg/kg twice daily for 4 days, then 2.2 mg/kg daily or as needed increased the margin of safety as no changes in clinical biochemistry or hematology were observed (Taylor et al. , 1983b).…”

Section: Clinical Opinions On the Use Of Pbzmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of phenylbutazone in the horse

Soma

Uboh

Maylin

2011

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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This review presents a brief historical prospective of the genesis of regulated medication in the US racing industry of which the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) phenylbutazone (PBZ) is the focus. It presents some historical guideposts in the development of the current rules on the use of PBZ by racing jurisdictions in the US. Based on its prevalent use, PBZ remains a focus of attention. The review examines the information presented in a number of different models used to determine the effects and duration of PBZ in the horse. They include naturally occurring lameness and reversible-induced lameness models that directly examine the effects and duration of the administration of various doses of PBZ. The review also examines indirect plasma and tissue models studying the suppression of the release of arachidonic acid-derived mediators of inflammation. The majority of studies suggest an effect of PBZ at 24 h at 4.4 mg/kg. This reflects and substantiates the opinion of many clinical veterinarians, many of whom will not perform a prepurchase lameness examination unless the horse is free of NSAID. This remains the opinion of many regulatory veterinarians responsible for the prerace examination of race horses that they wish to examine a horse without the possibility of an NSAID interfering with the examination and masking possible musculoskeletal conditions. Based on scientific studies, residual effects of PBZ remain at 24 h. The impact of sustained effect on the health and welfare of the horse and its contribution to injuries during competition remains problematic.

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Clinical efficacy of a revised dosage schedule of phenylbutazone in horses

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of some prophylactic therapies for the idiopathic headshaker syndrome

Evaluation of some prophylactic therapies for the idiopathic headshaker syndrome

The effect of phenylbutazone on the plasma disposition of penicillin G in the horse

The use of phenylbutazone in the horse

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