Clinical characteristics of language regression in children

Wilson, Scott B.; Djukic, Aleksandra; Shinnar, Shlomo; Dharmani, Charles; Rapin, Isabelle; Korey, Saul R.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2003.tb00950.x

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…loss of existing language abilities around the age of 30–36 months; Kurita, ). Some studies report that early language regression is subsequently associated with lower IQ, poorer social skills and higher levels of autism symptomatology (Baird et al., ; Kobayashi & Murata, ; Richler et al., ; Rogers & DiLalla, ; Wilson, Djukic, Shinnar, Dharmani, & Rapin, ), but this relationship is inconsistent and complex (Brown & Prelock, ; Lord, Shulman, & DiLavore, ; Meilleur & Fombonne, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and language skills in adults with autism: a 40‐year follow‐up

Howlin

Savage

Moss

et al. 2013

Child Psychology Psychiatry

206

133

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For most individuals with autism who had an IQ in the average range (i.e. ≥ 70) as children, childhood IQ proved a reliable predictor of cognitive functioning well into mid- to- later adulthood. However, a significant minority was no longer testable on standard tests as adults. Their current very low levels of functional ability were generally associated with severe behavioural disturbance and persisting and severe language impairment; 50% of these individuals had also developed epilepsy, pointing to the role of organic brain dysfunction. Implications for early intervention are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and language skills in adults with autism: a 40‐year follow‐up

Howlin

Savage

Moss

et al. 2013

Child Psychology Psychiatry

206

133

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“…Additionally, the current proposal is that in regression, autistic symptoms have later onset because they do not emerge until pruning begins. This would predict that phases of development prior to regression should be normal, but whether early development is indeed normal prior to regression is the subject of continuing debate (Luyster et al, 2005;Pickles et al, 2009;Wilson, Djukic, Shinnar, Dharmani, & Rapin, 2003). In terms of the simulations themselves, the modeling is both abstract and high level.…”

Section: Modeling Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of developmental regression in autism and the broader phenotype: A neural network modeling approach.

Thomas¹,

Knowland²,

Karmiloff‐Smith³

2011

Psychological Review

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Loss of previously established behaviors in early childhood constitutes a markedly atypical developmental trajectory. It is found almost uniquely in autism and its cause is currently unknown (Baird et al., 2008). We present an artificial neural network model of developmental regression, exploring the hypothesis that regression is caused by overaggressive synaptic pruning and identifying the mechanisms involved. We used a novel population-modeling technique to investigate developmental deficits, in which both neurocomputational parameters and the learning environment were varied across a large number of simulated individuals. Regression was generated by the atypical setting of a single pruning-related parameter. We observed a probabilistic relationship between the atypical pruning parameter and the presence of regression, as well as variability in the onset, severity, behavioral specificity, and recovery from regression. Other neurocomputational parameters that varied across the population modulated the risk that an individual would show regression. We considered a further hypothesis that behavioral regression may index an underlying anomaly characterizing the broader autism phenotype. If this is the case, we show how the model also accounts for several additional findings: shared gene variants between autism and language impairment (Vernes et al., 2008); larger brain size in autism but only in early development (Redcay & Courchesne, 2005); and the possibility of quasi-autism, caused by extreme environmental deprivation (Rutter et al., 1999). We make a novel prediction that the earliest developmental symptoms in the emergence of autism should be sensory and motor rather than social and review empirical data offering preliminary support for this prediction.

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“…Note that language regression, more specifically the loss of words, and not the loss of other skills, tends to be characteristic among children with ASD, in contrast with other conditions, such as the Landau-Kleffner syndrome (Lord et al, 2004;Pickles et al, 2009;Shinnar et al, 2001;Valente & Valério, 2004;Wilson, Djukic, Shinnar, Dharmani, & Rapin, 2003), and this is the focus of this study. Considering a lack of consensus regarding the conceptual definition of language regression, it has been operationally defined, based on the measures used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This is due to the fact this loss more frequently occurs among children with ASD, as some comparative studies, using controls with Down Syndrome and specific language disorder, report (Pickles et al, 2009;Shinnar et al, 2001;Thurm et al, 2014;Wilson et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regressão de linguagem no transtorno do espectro autista: uma revisão sistemática

Backes

Zanon²,

Bosa

2017

Psicologia - Teoria E Prática

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A significant portion of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is affected by the loss of language skills. This study's objective was to systematically review papers addressing this phenomenon characterizing the loss of skills in ASD. Bibliographic references were systematically searched in five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Lilacs and Scielo. Two independent judges selected and extracted data. The search resulted in 30 studies. Language regression tended to occur around 24 months of age and was generally accompanied by the loss of other skills. Beginning in 2000, studies in the field became more frequent, with a refined operational definition of the phenomenon. Important gaps were identified and can motivate the development of future studies, such as a lack of prospective studies and the need to discuss the conceptual definition of developmental regression.Key words: autistic disorder; child development: regression; language; review. REGRESSÃO DE LINGUAGEM NO TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICAResumo: Uma parcela importante de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é acometida pela perda de habilidades de linguagem. Esse estudo objetivou revisar sistematicamente as publicações sobre tal fenômeno, caracterizando a perda de habilidades no TEA. Foi realizada uma busca sistemática de referências bibliográficas em cinco bases de dados: PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Lilacs e Scielo. A seleção e a extração dos dados foram realizadas por dois juízes independentes. A busca resultou em 30 estudos, uma vez que o início da regressão de linguagem tendeu a ocorrer em torno dos 24 meses de vida da criança, geralmente acompanhada por perda de outras habilidades. Os estudos nesta área tornaram-se mais frequentes a partir dos anos 2000, sendo a definição operacional do fenômeno refinada. Foram identificadas lacunas importantes para o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas, como a carência de estudos prospectivos e a necessidade de discussões acerca da definição conceitual da regressão desenvolvimental. 242-268. São Paulo, SP, mai.-ago. 2017. ISSN 1516-3687 (impresso), ISSN 1980. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/1980-6906/psicologia.v19n2p237-263. Sistema de avaliação: às cegas por pares (double blind review). Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. Resumen: Un número significativo de niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) es acometido por la pérdida de habilidades de lenguaje. Este estudio objetivó revisar sistemáticamente la literatura sobre tal fenómeno, detallando la pérdida de habilidades no TEA. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de referencias en cinco bases de datos: PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Lilas y Scielo. La selección y extracción de datos fueron realizadas por dos jueces independientes. La búsqueda resultó en 30 estudios, siendo que el inicio de la regresión de lenguaje ha ocurrido alrededor de los 24 meses de vida del niño, generalmente acompañada por la pérdida de otras habilidades. Los estudios en esta área se volvieron más frecuentes a partir ...

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Clinical characteristics of language regression in children

Cited by 49 publications

References 33 publications

Cognitive and language skills in adults with autism: a 40‐year follow‐up

Cognitive and language skills in adults with autism: a 40‐year follow‐up

Mechanisms of developmental regression in autism and the broader phenotype: A neural network modeling approach.

Regressão de linguagem no transtorno do espectro autista: uma revisão sistemática

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