Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a MERS-CoV referral hospital during the peak of the pandemic

Barry, Mazin; Althabit, Nouf; Akkielah, Layan; Almohaya, Abdulellah M.; Alotaibi, Muath; Alhasani, Sara; Aldrees, Abdulwahab; AlRajhi, Abdulaziz; AlHiji, Ali; Almajid, Fahad; Alsharidi, Aynaa; Alshahrani, Fatimah; Alotaibi, Naif H.; Alhetheel, Abdulkarim

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.03.058

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Hypertension in older patients is also associated with severe CVOVID-19, especially if the patient also has myocardial injury and an established cardiovascular disease ( Guo et al, 2020 , Williamson et al, 2020 ). Our findings are similar to reports by ( Alharthy et al, 2021 , Barry et al, 2021 , Richardson et al, 2020 , Thomson et al, 2020 ), where diabetes and/or hypertension were the most common comorbidities for COVID-19 ICU patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Age (over 65 years) and male gender remain the most common features among patients admitted to ICU. This has also been reported in a number of Saudi ( Alharthy et al, 2021 , Alhumaid et al, 2021 , Barry et al, 2021 ) and international studies ( Briguglio et al, 2021 , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021 , Thomson et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Age alone is a significant factor for severe COVID symptoms ( Barry et al, 2021 , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021 , Thomson et al, 2020 ) as it increases the risk of comorbidities, with complex polypharmacy issues and an aging immune system. Furthermore, while male and female patients are both at risk of severe infection requiring ICU admission, male gender has been highlighted as a significant risk factor in many Saudi ( Alharthy et al, 2021 , Alhumaid et al, 2021 ) and international studies ( Peckham et al, 2020 , Thomson et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of severe (ICU) COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia: A single centre study

Alghamdi¹

2021

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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Background There is limited information describing the presenting features and treatment outcomes of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Saudi Arabia. Objective To investigates the clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, radiological, vital signs and treatment characteristics/outcomes of severe (ICU) COVID-19 patients in Albaha region, Saudi Arabia. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted from 01 April 2020 to 31 August 2020 involving files review of 171 patients admitted to the ICU of a COVID-19 treatment centre as a result of severe symptoms. Results Around a third of the ICU patients admitted were over 66 years of age, 59.6% males, 45% diabetics, 39% hypertensive, 25.7% smokers. Patients had symptoms such as 79% fever, 78% cough, 75% headache, 59% sore throat, 57% runny nose, and 75% cough. More than half of the patients had less than 90% oxygen saturation. Bilateral infiltration was present in about 43% of patients. 85.4% lymphopenia, and 70.8% D-dimer (>0.5 u/ml) were the most significant laboratory results. The median stay in the hospital ranged from 4 to 15.6 days, and the ICU time ranged from 4 to 12.7 days. Approximately 29% of patients received antiviral, antimalarial, and antibiotic treatment, while 27.5% of patients received antibiotics and antimalarial therapy alone. Incorporating hydroxychloroquine in treatment protocols did not improve patients’ outcomes. Conclusions Older age and cardio-metabolic comorbidities increase the risks of sever COVID-19. Different treatment protocols fail to improve mortality rates and urgent efforts are required to prevent the disease and reduce its severity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of severe (ICU) COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia: A single centre study

Alghamdi¹

2021

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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“…HCWs compliance rate to personal protective equipment (PPE) was consistent throughout the study period; however, the peak of the cases among HCWs was in June 2020. This peak correlates with the increased number of COVID-19 in all the regions of KSA at that time period, as reported previously [27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

COVID-19 Community Transmission among Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Care Cardiac Center

et al. 2021

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Aim: To determine the frequency, mode of transmission, and outcome of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in a tertiary care cardiac center in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: This is a retrospective study of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected HCWs and was conducted from 2 March to 31 December 2020. Data related to the presence of COVID-19 symptoms, mode of transmission, hospitalization, and mortality were collected from the patients’ medical records. Results: Of the 4462 patients tested for COVID-19 by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 203 (4.5%) HCWs were positive; of these, 125 (61.6%) were males, and the most common age group was <40 years. The most commonly encountered health professionals were nurses (74, 36.4%), followed by therapists/technicians (48, 23.6%), housekeepers (25, 12.3%), and physicians (21, 10.4%). The majority (184, 90.6%) of the HCWs contracted COVID-19 in the community, and only 19 (9.4%) were healthcare-associated infections. Of the infected HCWs, 169 (83.3%) had mild symptoms and were managed in home isolation. The most common symptoms were fever (128, 63.1%), body ache (124, 61.8%), headache (113, 55.7%), dry cough (123, 60.6%), sore throat (97, 47.8%), body weakness (97, 47.8%), and fatigue (94, 46.3%). Comparing males and females, there was a significantly higher number of female nurses; in contrast, there was a higher number of male physicians, housekeepers, therapists/technicians, and other specialty HCWs. A significantly lower number of nurses, therapists/technicians were infected in the ≥40 years age group compared to <40 years. Furthermore, a significantly higher difference was observed among non-Saudi nurses compared to Saudi nurses. No mortality was documented among the included HCWs. Conclusions: In the largest tertiary cardiac center in KSA, most HCWs who contracted COVID-19 developed mild symptoms; nurses and those aged <40 years were most commonly infected, and most infections were acquired in the community. HCWs’ adherence to mitigation measures outside of the workplace is vital to curb the current pandemic and decrease nosocomial transmission risk.

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“…Still, studies reporting its effect on mortality are limited. Many predictive models were developed to predict the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients, especially in the critical care setting, but did not include thrombosis, but risk factors for thrombosis, such as D-dimer, high CRP, fibrinogen, and other inflammatory markers, were predictive of poor outcome [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual Presentation of a Severe COVID-19 Case With Axillary Artery Thrombosis

Aljamaan¹

2021

Cureus

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been evolving since early 2020 with high critical care mortality and morbidity. High mortality rates have been linked largely to respiratory failure. Hypercoagulability status induced by the massive inflammatory storm has led to a high rate of thrombotic events, whether arterial or venous, contributing to COVID-19 mortality especially in critically ill patients. Thrombotic events might be the presenting feature of the disease or might happen during hospitalization. In this case report, we describe a case of a 67-year-old male with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who was found on presentation to have left axillary artery thrombosis requiring embolectomy; the case was managed successfully. We reviewed the pathophysiology of hypercoagulability associated with COVID-19, clinical implications, and most recent treatment recommendations.

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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a MERS-CoV referral hospital during the peak of the pandemic

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of severe (ICU) COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia: A single centre study

Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of severe (ICU) COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia: A single centre study

COVID-19 Community Transmission among Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Care Cardiac Center

Unusual Presentation of a Severe COVID-19 Case With Axillary Artery Thrombosis

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