Clinical Applications of Hair Analysis

Kintz, Pascal; Russell, Elizabeth M.; Baber, Marta; Pichini, Simona

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801700-5.00005-4

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Last but not least, the biochemical composition of hair can reveal a person's age, sex, smoking habits, and hair cosmetics (Chojnacka et al, 2006 ). Therefore, hair has been recognized for many decades as an ideal biological matrix and a valuable source of information in scientific research (Finner, 2013 ), clinical diagnosis (Klevay et al, 1987 ; Kintz et al, 2015 ), and forensic analysis (Moeller et al, 1993 ; Tagliaro et al, 1998 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global-Scale Metabolomic Profiling of Human Hair for Simultaneous Monitoring of Endogenous Metabolome, Short- and Long-Term Exposome

et al. 2021

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Hair is a unique biological matrix that adsorbs short-term exposures (e. g., environmental contaminants and personal care products) on its surface and also embeds endogenous metabolites and long-term exposures in its matrix. In this work, we developed an untargeted metabolomics workflow to profile both temporal exposure chemicals and endogenous metabolites in the same hair sample. This analytical workflow begins with the extraction of short-term exposures from hair surfaces through washing. Further development of mechanical homogenization extracts endogenous metabolites and long-term exposures from the cleaned hair. Both solutions of hair wash and hair extract were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)-based metabolomics for global-scale metabolic profiling. After analysis, raw data were processed using bioinformatic programs recently developed specifically for exposome research. Using optimized experimental conditions, we detected a total of 10,005 and 9,584 metabolic features from hair wash and extraction samples, respectively. Among them, 274 and 276 features can be definitively confirmed by MS2 spectral matching against spectral library, and an additional 3,356 and 3,079 features were tentatively confirmed as biotransformation metabolites. To demonstrate the performance of our hair metabolomics, we collected hair samples from three female volunteers and tested their hair metabolic changes before and after a 2-day exposure exercise. Our results show that 645 features from wash and 89 features from extract were significantly changed from the 2-day exposure. Altogether, this work provides a novel analytical approach to study the hair metabolome and exposome at a global scale, which can be implemented in a wide range of biological applications for a deeper understanding of the impact of environmental and genetic factors on human health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global-Scale Metabolomic Profiling of Human Hair for Simultaneous Monitoring of Endogenous Metabolome, Short- and Long-Term Exposome

et al. 2021

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“…Hair testing has been successfully applied for consumption history of classical drugs of abuse and it is used to monitor drug usage during drug rehabilitation programmes [ 9 ] in post- mortem cases [ 10 ] in workplace drug testing [ 11 ] driving license regranting [ 12 ] and in child custody cases [ 13 , 14 ]. Moreover, hair testing has been proposed to complement and/or substitute traditional doping control strategies and corresponding test matrices [ 15 , 16 ]. In the light of that, similarly to what happened with traditional drugs of abuse, assays for the determination of NPS and eventual metabolites in hair are in continuous development due to the high demand for the detection of the latter substances both in clinical and forensic cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Analytical Methods to Determine New Psychoactive Substances in Hair

Kyriakou

Pellegrini

Garcı́a-Algar

et al. 2017

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New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) belong to several chemical classes, including phenethylamines, piperazines, synthetic cathinones and synthetic cannabinoids. Development and validation of analytical methods for the determination of NPS both in traditional and alternative matrices is of crucial importance to study drug metabolism and to associate consumption to clinical outcomes and eventual intoxication symptoms. Among different biological matrices, hair is the one with the widest time window to investigate drug-related history and demonstrate past intake.The aim of this paper was to overview the trends of the rapidly evolving analytical methods for the determination of NPS in hair and the usefulness of these methods when applied to real cases.A number of rapid and sensitive methods for the determination of NPS in hair matrix has been recently published, most of them using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Hair digestion and subsequent solid phase extraction or liquid-liquid extraction were described as well as extraction in organic solvents. For most of the methods limits of quantification at picogram per milligram hair were obtained. The measured concentrations for most of the NPS in real samples were in the range of picograms of drug per milligram of hair. Interpretation of the results and lack of cut-off values for the discrimination between chronic consumption and occasional use or external contamination are still challenging.Methods for the determination of NPS in hair are continually emerging to include as many NPS as possible due to the great demand for their detection.

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“…Similar to toenails, hair samples can provide information on toxicology, exposure to heavy metals, harmful chemicals in the environment, as well as alcohol and illicit substance use. It may also be used as a biomarker in chronic stress and certain pathological conditions [74]. As evidenced by the assessment of cortisol concentrations, 3cm of hair growth from the scalp represents retrospective activity of the HPA-axis in the preceding 3 months [75].…”

Section: Hairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for collection, processing, and storage of biological samples in a longitudinal Australian pregnancy cohort: The Newcastle 1000 Study (Preprint)

Grace,

Fisher,

Castles

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND Research in the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) provides compelling evidence that adverse events during the first 1000 days of life from conception can impact life course health. Despite many decades of research, we are still lacking a complete understanding of the mechanisms underlying some of these associations. The Newcastle 1000 (NEW1000) Study is a comprehensive pregnancy cohort study, based in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia which will provide detailed data about the first 1000 days of life to investigate the developmental origins of non-communicable disease. OBJECTIVE NEW1000 is a prospective population-based cohort study which will recruit pregnant women and their partners between 11-14 weeks gestation, with assessments at 20-, 28-, and 36-weeks, birth, 6-weeks and 6-months. The study will provide a longitudinal multisystem approach to phenotyping, supported by robust clinical data and collection of biological samples. METHODS This manuscript describes in detail the large variety of samples collected within the study, the method of collection, storage, and utility of the samples within the biobank. With a particular focus on incorporation of the samples into emerging and novel large scale “omics” platforms including genome, microbiome, epigenome, transcriptome, fragmentome, metabolome, proteome, exposome and cell free DNA and RNA. Specifically, this manuscript details the methods used to collect, process and store biological samples including maternal, paternal and fetal blood, microbiome (stool, skin, vaginal, oral), urine, saliva, hair, toenail, placenta, colostrum and breastmilk. RESULTS N/A CONCLUSIONS The NEW1000 Study will generate a multigenerational, deeply phenotyped cohort with a comprehensive biobank of samples relevant to a large variety of analyses including multiple ‘-omics’ platforms. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

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Clinical Applications of Hair Analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 68 publications

Global-Scale Metabolomic Profiling of Human Hair for Simultaneous Monitoring of Endogenous Metabolome, Short- and Long-Term Exposome

Global-Scale Metabolomic Profiling of Human Hair for Simultaneous Monitoring of Endogenous Metabolome, Short- and Long-Term Exposome

Recent Trends in Analytical Methods to Determine New Psychoactive Substances in Hair

Methodology for collection, processing, and storage of biological samples in a longitudinal Australian pregnancy cohort: The Newcastle 1000 Study (Preprint)

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