Clinical and Ultrasonographic Changes of the Breast after Use of Soy Isoflavones

Alipour, Sadaf; Afshar, Somayeh; Moini, Ashraf; Dastjerdi, Marzieh Vahid; Saberi, Azin; Bayani, Leila; Eslami, Bita; Hosseini, Ladan

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.12.6093

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In Japan, a case-control study revealed that consumption of soybeans was inversely associated with the risk of breast cancer in women before menopause but not in those post menopause [67]. In a 12-week study, although soy isoflavone elicited some benign ultrasonographic changes of the breast, all of these changes were subclinical and did not need further intervention or follow-up after the study [68]. Moreover, soy isoflavone did not appear to stimulate proliferation of endometrial cells if given over a short term [26].…”

Section: The Risks Of Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Isoflavones in Soybeans for Women with Menopausal Syndrome: An Overview

Chen

2021

IJMS

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Based on their nutrient composition, soybeans and related foods have been considered to be nutritious and healthy for humans. Particularly, the biological activity and subsequent benefits of soy products may be associated with the presence of isoflavone in soybeans. As an alternative treatment for menopause-related symptoms, isoflavone has gained much popularity for postmenopausal women who have concerns related to undergoing hormone replacement therapy. However, current research has still not reached a consensus on the effects of isoflavone on humans. This overview is a summary of the current literature about the processing of soybeans and isoflavone types (daidzein, genistein, and S-equol) and supplements and their extraction and analysis as well as information about the utilization of isoflavones in soybeans. The processes of preparation (cleaning, drying, crushing and dehulling) and extraction of soybeans are implemented to produce refined soy oil, soy lecithin, free fatty acids, glycerol and soybean meal. The remaining components consist of inorganic constituents (minerals) and the minor components of biologically interesting small molecules. Regarding the preventive effects on diseases or cancers, a higher intake of isoflavones is associated with a moderately lower risk of developing coronary heart disease. It may also reduce the risks of breast and colorectal cancer as well as the incidence of breast cancer recurrence. Consumption of isoflavones or soy foods is associated with reduced risks of endometrial and bladder cancer. Regarding the therapeutic effects on menopausal syndrome or other diseases, isoflavones have been found to alleviate vasomotor syndromes even after considering placebo effects, reduce bone loss in the spine and ameliorate hypertension and in vitro glycemic control. They may also alleviate depressive symptoms during pregnancy. On the other hand, isoflavones have not shown definitive effects regarding improving cognition and urogenital symptoms. Because of lacking standardization in the study designs, such as the ingredients and doses of isoflavones and the durations and outcomes of trials, it currently remains difficult to draw overall conclusions for all aspects of isoflavones. These limitations warrant further investigations of isoflavone use for women’s health.

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Section: The Risks Of Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Isoflavones in Soybeans for Women with Menopausal Syndrome: An Overview

Chen

2021

IJMS

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“…A case-control study in Japan found that the risk of breast cancer was inversely related to soy consumption in premenopausal women, but found no link in postmenopausal women [46]. Although soy isoflavones induced some benign clinical and non-significant ultrasonographic changes of the breast in one 12-week study, none of these changes warranted intervention or follow-up for at least three months after the study [47]. On the other hand, soy isoflavones did not seem to stimulate endometrial proliferation during short-term treatment [17].…”

Section: Effects Of Isoflavones On Menopausal Syndromes and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isoflavone Supplements for Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review

2019

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Isoflavones have gained popularity as an alternative treatment for menopausal symptoms for people who cannot or are unwilling to take hormone replacement therapy. However, there is still no consensus on the effects of isoflavones despite over two decades of vigorous research. This systematic review aims to summarize the current literature on isoflavone supplements, focusing on the active ingredients daidzein, genistein, and S-equol, and provide a framework to guide future research. We performed a literature search in Ovid Medline using the search terms “isoflavone” and “menopause”, which yielded 95 abstracts and 68 full-text articles. We found that isoflavones reduce hot flashes even accounting for placebo effect, attenuate lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) loss, show beneficial effects on systolic blood pressure during early menopause, and improve glycemic control in vitro. There are currently no conclusive benefits of isoflavones on urogenital symptoms and cognition. Due to the lack of standardized research protocols including isoflavone component and dosage, outcomes, and trial duration, it is difficult to reach a conclusion at this point in time. Despite these limitations, the evidence thus far favors the use of isoflavones due to their safety profile and benefit to overall health.

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Preparatory work to support the risk assessment for peri‐ and postmenopausal women taking food supplements containing isolated isoflavones

Tijhuis

Doets

Velpen

et al. 2015

EFSA Supporting Publications

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Suggested citation: M Tijhuis, E Doets, V van der Velpen and M Vonk Noordegraaf-Schouten, 2015; Preparatory work to support the risk assessment for peri-and postmenopausal women taking food supplements containing isolated isoflavones. ABSTRACTThe aim of this review was to identify the scientific data from January 2009 till December 2013 on effects of isolated isoflavones from food supplements on reproductive organs (breast, uterus) and thyroid of menopausal women. A search in PubMed, Web of Science, CAB Abstracts and Embase (search date: February 7 th 2014), resulted in 2,497 unique hits. Based on title and abstract, 177 articles were eligible for full text selection. Of these, 95 were human studies (objective 1), 68 were animal studies (objective 2) and 14 contained data on both. Hand search yielded no additional articles. After full text screening, for objective 1, 14 articles met our inclusion criteria for data extraction; for objective 2, 17 met our inclusion criteria for data-extraction and 7 were included for mapping purposes; from articles with data for objective 1 and 2 combined, all 14 were excluded. All included studies were intervention studies. A grey literature search resulted in 1 relevant risk assessment published by a national body. Uterus was the most studied target organ for both objectives; the most prevalent outcomes were endometrial thickness for objective 1 and uterine weight for objective 2. Under objective 2, no studies evaluating thyroid were identified. Studies under objective 1 did not report adverse effects related to isoflavone supplementation, studies under 2 were less consistent. Many methodological issues exist, such as the scarcity of long-term human data and studies aimed at detecting adverse effects; and issues of metabolic differences between species and dose translation from animals to humans.

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Clinical and Ultrasonographic Changes of the Breast after Use of Soy Isoflavones

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Utilization of Isoflavones in Soybeans for Women with Menopausal Syndrome: An Overview

Utilization of Isoflavones in Soybeans for Women with Menopausal Syndrome: An Overview

Isoflavone Supplements for Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review

Preparatory work to support the risk assessment for peri‐ and postmenopausal women taking food supplements containing isolated isoflavones

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