Clinical and Research Congruence in Identifying Children With Specific Language Impairment

Aram, Dorit; Morris, Robin D.; Hall, Nancy E.

doi:10.1044/jshr.3603.580

Cited by 110 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The existence of subgroups of SLI children whose members share a common profile of linguistic strengths and weaknesses has been proposed, but is controversial (Aram, Morris & Hall, 1993;Aram & Nation, 1975;Rapin & Allen, 1983). It is of course possible that what appear to be different subgroups are just variable manifestations of a common language disorder (Bishop, 1997).…”

Section: Subgroups Of Sli and The G-sli Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of phonological complexity on past tense inflection in children with Grammatical-SLI

Marshall

Lely

2007

Advances in Speech Language Pathology

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English-speaking children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) variably produce inflected and bare stem forms in obligatory past tense contexts. Researchers have not reached consensus as to whether the underlying deficit is morphosyntactic or morphophonological in nature. The Computational Grammatical Complexity (CGC) Hypothesis takes a different tack: it hypothesizes that for children with a particular form of SLI, Grammatical-SLI, the deficit is in representing linguistic structural complexity in at least three components of the computational grammatical systemsyntax, morphology and phonology. Deficits in all these components are predicted to impact on regular past tense formation. The impact of syntactic and morphological complexity on G-SLI children's realization of tense has been tested previously. Here we complete the picture by considering phonological effects on their production of regular past tense inflection. Using a past tense elicitation task where we manipulate the phonological complexity of the inflected verb end, we show that, as predicted, verb-end phonological complexity impacts on suffixation: G-SLI children are less likely to suffix stems when the inflected form ends in a consonant cluster. Typically developing controls show no such effect. The results of this study highlight the need to consider the independent contributions of language components to impaired and normal performance.

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Section: Subgroups Of Sli and The G-sli Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of phonological complexity on past tense inflection in children with Grammatical-SLI

Marshall

Lely

2007

Advances in Speech Language Pathology

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“…SLI is a heterogeneous disorder (Aram, Morris, & Hall, 1993) which may have a number of underlying causes. Van der Lely and Stollwerck (e.g., van der Lely, 1997;van der Lely & Stollwerck, 1996) have identi ed a subgroup of children with SLI based on behavioural measures, such that their predominant de cit is restricted to grammatical abilities.…”

Section: Sli: De® Cit On Regulars But Not Irregulars?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Past tense formation in Williams syndrome

Thomas¹,

Grant²,

Barham³

et al. 2001

Language and Cognitive Processes

122

121

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It has been claimed that in the language systems of people with Williams syndrome (WS), syntax is intact but lexical memory is impaired. Evidence has come from past tense elicitation tasks with a small number of participants where individuals with WS are said to have a speci c de cit in forming irregular past tenses. However, typically developing children also show poorer performance on irregulars than regulars in these tasks, and one of the central features of WS language development is that it is delayed. We compared the performance of 21 participants with WS on two past tense elicitation tasks with that of four typically developing control groups, at ages 6, 8, 10, and adult. When verbal mental age was controlled for, participants in the WS group displayed no selective de cit in irregular past tense performance. However, there was evidence for lower levels of generalisation to novel strings. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the WS language system is delayed because it has developed under different constraints, constraints that perhaps include atypical phonological representations. TheRequests for reprints should be addressed to Michael Thomas or Annette Karmiloff-Smith, Neurocognitive Development Unit, Institute of Child Health, 30, Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK. Email: M. Thomas@ich.ucl.ac.uk or a.karmiloff-smith@ich.ucl.ac.uk We would like to express our appreciation to the Williams Syndrome Foundation, UK, for their generous help in putting us in touch with families whom we warmly thank for their participation in this research. Thanks also to Dorothy Bishop and Marc Joanisse for helpful comments on an earlier draft on this paper. This research was supported by MRC Programme Grant No. G9715642 to Annette Karmiloff-Smith. results are discussed in relation to dual-mechanism and connectionist computational models of language development, and to the possible differential weight given to phonology versus semantics in WS development .

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“…Aram, Morris, and Hall (1993) have recently summarized many of the issues concerning the diagnosis of SLI. In this paper, the authors noted a general consensus that children with SLI shall not present developmental disabilities such as mental retardation, autism, or neuromotor impairments, nor can they present persistent hearing loss.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Specific Language Impairment in Kindergarten Children

Tomblin

Records

Buckwalter

et al. 1997

J Speech Lang Hear Res

1,800

1,307

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This epidemiologic study estimated the prevalence of specific language impairment (SLI) in monolingual English-speaking kindergarten children. From a stratified cluster sample in rural, urban, and suburban areas in the upper midwest, 7,218 children were screened. The language screening failure rate was 26.2%. Children who failed the screening and a similar number of controls were then administered a diagnostic battery (n = 2,084) that provided for a diagnosis of SLI using common diagnostic standards. Results provided an estimated overall prevalence rate of 7.4%. The prevalence estimate for boys was 8% and for girls 6%. Variation in prevalence was found among children of different racial/cultural backgrounds; however, these background variables were found to be correlated with parental education, which was also associated with SLI. The parents of 29% of the children identified as SLI reported they had previously been informed that their child had a speech or language problem.The prevalence estimates obtained fell within recent estimates for SLI, but demonstrated that this condition is more prevalent among females than has been previously reported. Also, the clinical identification of these children remains low among kindergarteners.

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Clinical and Research Congruence in Identifying Children With Specific Language Impairment

Cited by 110 publications

References 19 publications

The impact of phonological complexity on past tense inflection in children with Grammatical-SLI

The impact of phonological complexity on past tense inflection in children with Grammatical-SLI

Past tense formation in Williams syndrome

Prevalence of Specific Language Impairment in Kindergarten Children

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