Clinical and pathomorphological features of penetrating spinal cord injury model with prolonged persistence of a foreign body in the vertebral canal

Tsymbalyuk, V. І.; Medvediev, Volodymyr; Semenova, V. M.; Grydina, Nina; Iaminskiy, Iuriy; Senchyk, Yuriy; Draguntsova, N. G.; Rybachuk, Oksana; Vaslovych, Victoria; Dychko, Sergiy; Petriv, Taras

doi:10.25305/unj.86577

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Сумнівно, щоб наведені приклади швидкого відновлення функції задньої кінцівки щура після ОПП були наслідком компенсаторної перебудови внутрішньоспінальних зв'язків чи росту низхідних аксональних закінчень de novo, оскільки, на нашу думку, обидві складові регенераційного процесу характеризуються значно більшою триваліс тю. Наприклад, спраутинг волокон кірково-спинномозкового шляху в статевозрілих тварин після його перетину реєструють не раніше ніж через 2 тиж [ Аналіз первинного матеріалу наших попередніх досліджень [78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85] виявив (неопубліковані дані), що при моделюванні ізольованої травми у дорослих тварин, аналогічної тій, яку відтворено у тварин групи Sect, майже у кожному третьому випадку спостерігали виразні ознаки ушкодження контралатеральної частини спинного мозку, а майже в кожному п'ятому -ознаки периферичного парезу, що свідчить або про занадто каудальний рівень виконання ОПП (див. вище) або про істотне каудальне поширення пошкоджувального запального процесу.…”

Section: обговоренняunclassified

“…Оперативні втручання здійснювали за загального знеболювання, якого досягали вну трішньоочеревинним введенням суміші розчинів ксилазину («Bіowet», Польща; близько 15 мг/кг маси тіла) і кетаміну («Фармак», Україна; близько 70 мг/кг маси тіла), з дотриманням м'якого асептичного регламенту та у більшості випадків -за умови підігрівання операційного столика. У цьому та попередніх дослідженнях ( [77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85] тощо) для вибору зони моделювання травми використовували пальпаторне визначення каудального краю грудної клітки глибоко анестезованої тварини в місці її фіксації до хребта. З огляду на теоретично меншу осифікацію, більшу гнучкість і рухливість останніх пар ребер (costae fluctuantes) у гризунів [86,87], особливо у молодих особин, місце зупинки пальців хірурга при виявленні ригідної вершини кута між грудною кліткою та хребтом може розташовуватися вище за середину хребця Т13.…”

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“…У цій же підгрупі індивідуальні значення ПФ та ПС через 3 міс відтворено у такий самий спосіб із результатів тестування через 2 міс і 12 діб та 3 міс і 12 діб після травми, а значення через 4 міс -зі значень через 3 і 5 міс після травми. Схожий алгоритм використовували раніше за замовчуванням у контексті приведення темпорально різнорідних результатів до стандартизованої часової шкали [78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85]93,[98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112]. Оцінюючи з позиції наведених уточнень значення V ПФ і V ПС , а також результати порівняльного статистичного аналізу протягом першого місяця спостереження та через 6 і 7 тиж, 3 та 4 міс після травми, слід ураховувати, що, починаючи з 5-го тижня післятравматичного періоду, відрізки істотної тривалої односпрямованої динаміки на моделях ТСМ, які досліджували, зазвичай відсутні [62,64,94,[113][114][115].…”

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Model of spinal cord lateral hemi-excision at the lower thoracic level for the tasks of reconstructive and experimental neurosurgery

Medvediev¹,

Abdallah²,

Draguntsova³

et al. 2021

Ukr Neurosurg J

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Purpose. To test the model of spinal cord lateral hemiexcision in young rats. Materials and methods. Animals ‒ male rats (age about 1 month, body weight about 50 g, inbred derivatives of the Wistar line); the number of experimental groups is: 1) lateral spinal cord hemisection at the level of segments about T12–T13 (Sect; n=11); 2) lateral spinal cord hemiexcision about 1 mm long at the similar level (Exc; n=8). Assessment of motor Function Index (FI) and the Spasticity Index (SI) of the paretic hindlimb was carried out using the Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) scale and Ashworth scale, respectively, in our technical modifications. The non-inclusion criteria: the BBB score above 9 points of FI for the ipsilateral hindlimb in a week after injury ‒and / or BBB score less than or equal to 14 points of FI of the contralateral hindlimb during a long follow-up period (in general, 2 animals in the Sect group, 3 animals ‒ in the Exc group). Asymptotic differences in the timing of testing between subgroups and groups were revealed during the first three weeks of follow-up. Interpolation reproduction of individual values of FI and SI was used in exceptional cases. The total follow-up period was 5 months. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U Test, Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test, Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation. For pathomorphological study, the method of silver impregnation of the spinal cord longitudinal sections of the Exc group animals obtained in 5 months after the simulation of injury was used. Results. One week after injury, the FI in the Sect group was 5.9±1.1 according to BBB points, a statistically significant increase in the FI lasted for the first 3 weeks (p<0.05; Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test), the FI maximum in the group was 10.1±1.1 BBB points, and the FI value at the end of the study was 9.5±1.0 BBB points. In the Exc group, 1 week after injury, the FI was 0.9±0.5 BBB points, during the next week it reached the actual maximum (1.9±0.7 BBB points), by the end of the 5th month it significantly decreased to 0.8±0.3 BBB points (p<0.05; Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test). One week after injury, the SI value in the Sect group was 0.3±0.1 points according to Ashworth scale, in the Exc group ‒ 0.7±0.1 Ashworth points, a significant increase (p<0.05; Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test) in SI in the Sect group was noted during the 2nd week and the 2nd month, in the Exc group ‒ during the 2nd and 6th week, as well as the 3rd and 5th month after injury. The SI final and maximal score for the Sect group was 0.8±0.2 Ashworth points, and for the Exc group ‒ 3.6±0.3 Ashworth points. For both groups, there was no correlation between the mean FI value and a significant positive correlation of the mean SI value with the value of the follow-up period (p<0.05; Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation), as well as the absence of correlation between the mean FI and SI values during the total follow-up period. A significant negative correlation (p<0.05; Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation) between individual FI and SI values was found after 1 and 4 weeks, 3 and 5 months after the injury for the Sect group, as well as after 5, 7, 8 weeks and after 3 and 4 months for the Exc group. At all periods of follow-up, the difference in both FI and SI mean values of both groups was significant (p<0.05; the Mann-Whitney U Test). Conclusions. The studied model of spinal cord injury in young rats is the means of choice for testing solid neural transplantation means for the spinal cord injury restorative treatment. The interpretation of data obtained using the BBB scale on models of lateral half spinal cord injury should be carried out with caution, and the methodology for verifying spasticity requires significant improvement. We recommend that the optimal timing for the FI and SI monitoring after lateral half spinal cord injury is 7 days, 14 days and in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 months.

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Section: обговоренняunclassified

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Model of spinal cord lateral hemi-excision at the lower thoracic level for the tasks of reconstructive and experimental neurosurgery

Medvediev¹,

Abdallah²,

Draguntsova³

et al. 2021

Ukr Neurosurg J

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“…using a thin needle or scalpel). Then one or two incisions (above and below one segment) are performed, depending on the type of the modelled injury -a single or multiple laceration [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Incomplete Transection or Hemisection Of Spinal Cord Segmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are rotarod test [44], Tarlov Scale [46], measuring joint angles with goniometer [49,50], Louisville Swim Scale [50,58], Horizontal Ladder test [51,59], Basso mouse scale [53,56,60], BBB test (Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan) [42, 44, 45, 47, 49-52, 55, 57-60]. As for injuries with complete, partial transection or segments removal, test BBB is most commonly used to assess functional recovery of animals with these types of injuries [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Damaged axons need to The advantages of this method are that you can compare the functioning and non-functioning limbs and determine when synergic coordination between the hind limbs or between damaged hind and front legs on ipsilateral and contralateral side appears during regeneration.…”

Section: Incomplete Transection or Hemisection Of Spinal Cord Segmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro models of traumatic injuries of the spinal cord

Rybachuk¹,

Arkhypchuk²,

Lazarenko³

2017

JCOT

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In recent years, there is a growing interest in the mechanisms of regeneration of damaged nerve tissue, including the spinal cord, as its injuries are quite common due to traffic accidents, industrial injuries and military actions. Damage to the spinal cord results in the loss of functional activity of the body below the injury site, which affects person’s ability to self-service and significantly reduces its efficiency. The effects of spinal injuries annually cause significant social and economic losses worldwide, including Ukraine. The development of new treatments for pathologies of the central nervous system requires mandatory pre-testing of their effectiveness in experiments in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, searching and creation of optimal animal model of spinal cord injury is in order to it meets most complete picture of the damage characteristic of real conditions in humans. This is an important task of modern neurophysiology. Such models can be used, primarily, for a more detailed clarification of the pathogenesis of all levels of nerve tissue damage and research of its own recovery potential by endogenous reparation mechanisms. In addition, experimental models allow to estimate the safety and predict the effectiveness of various therapeutic approaches to spinal cord injury.

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Spontaneous Post-Traumatic Recovery of Motor Function of the Hindlimb in Male Mice

Nesterenko¹,

Rybachuk²

2022

Fiziol Zh

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We studied the level of spontaneous post-traumatic recovery of motor function in male FVB mice. The left-side spinal cord hemisection was a model of damage. The locomotor activity and spasticity of the hindlimb were determined using the BBB and B scales and the Ashword scale during the first 12 weeks of the post-traumatic period. According to the results of the experimental study, at a later date in the post-traumatic period, the restoration of the function of the hind limb was observed at the level of 3.22 ± 0.46 points (out of 21 possible) on the BBB scale and 1.88 ± 0.27 points (out of 9 possible) on the B scale. Such indicators of hind limb locomotor activity conform to the phase of early recovery. However, at all studied time intervals after spinal cord injury, a consistently high level of hindlimb spasticity in experimental animals was noted – 3.17 ± 0.46 (out of 4 possible) on the Ashword scale.

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Clinical and pathomorphological features of penetrating spinal cord injury model with prolonged persistence of a foreign body in the vertebral canal

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Model of spinal cord lateral hemi-excision at the lower thoracic level for the tasks of reconstructive and experimental neurosurgery

Model of spinal cord lateral hemi-excision at the lower thoracic level for the tasks of reconstructive and experimental neurosurgery

In vivo and in vitro models of traumatic injuries of the spinal cord

Spontaneous Post-Traumatic Recovery of Motor Function of the Hindlimb in Male Mice

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