Clinical and Pathologic Features of<i>Bipolaris</i>Endophthalmitis After Intravitreal Triamcinolone

Minckler, Don S.; Small, Kent W.; Walsh, Thomas J.

doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.257

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This genus includes common pathogens of many grasses and opportunistic agents of human disease (Minckler et al . ) (Table S3). Other putative pathogens (e.g., Alternaria , Curvularia, Fusarium , and Magnaporthe spp.)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and accumulation of novel pathogens suppress an invasive species

et al. 2016

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Emerging pathogens are a growing threat to human health, agriculture and the diversity of ecological communities but may also help control problematic species. Here we investigated the diversity, distribution and consequences of emerging fungal pathogens infecting an aggressive invasive grass that is rapidly colonising habitats throughout the eastern USA. We document the recent emergence and accumulation over time of diverse pathogens that are members of a single fungal genus and represent multiple, recently described or undescribed species. We also show that experimental suppression of these pathogens increased host performance in the field, demonstrating the negative effects of emerging pathogens on invasive plants. Our results suggest that invasive species can facilitate pathogen emergence and amplification, raising concerns about movement of pathogens among agricultural, horticultural, and wild grasses. However, one possible benefit of pathogen accumulation is suppression of aggressive invaders over the long term, potentially abating their negative impacts on native communities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and accumulation of novel pathogens suppress an invasive species

et al. 2016

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“…The authors concluded that PAS staining of specimens obtained by vitrectomy was the most rapid and effective proof that fungi were present. 8 Ours was a preliminary study demonstrating fungi with PAS staining in chronic anterior blepharitis, but it has some limitations that should be addressed. The first limitation is the low number of the study participants, especially in the control group.…”

Section: Test)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8 Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining is another frequently used and reliable method for identification of fungi in tissues that may be superior to culture because demonstration of fungi in cultures may not be always possible. 8 In our study, we report PAS staining, fungal culture, and direct microscopy results of eyelashes pulled from patients with clinical seborrheic blepharitis or mixed seborrheic/staphylococcal blepharitis and compared with healthy controls. We did not obtain bacterial cultures for staphylococci because these bacteria are also commonly present in normal ocular flora.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodic acid–Schiff staining demonstrates fungi in chronic anterior blepharitis

Dadacı

Kılınç

Özer

et al. 2015

Eye

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Purpose To evaluate the presence of fungi in patients with chronic anterior blepharitis with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining of the eyelashes in addition to the conventional methods of fungal cultures and direct microscopy. Methods Nineteen patients with chronic anterior blepharitis of seborrheic or mixed seborrheic/staphylococcal type and 11 healthy age-and sex-matched controls were included in this prospective, nonrandomized, cross-sectional study. Blepharitis was diagnosed based on clinical evidence of greasy scales between the cilia, lid margin erythema, conjunctival hyperemia, telangiectasia, thickening, or irregularity of the eyelid margins by slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Eyelash samples were obtained by epilation with a sterile forceps and evaluated with PAS staining, fungal cultures, and direct microscopy. Results We demonstrated fungal elements with PAS staining in 79% of the blepharitis group (hyphae and/or spores) and 18% of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P = 0.002). Four patients in the blepharitis group (21%) had positive cultures for fungi. The isolated fungi were Penicillium species (2 cases), Candida species (1 case), and Trichophyton verrucosum (1 case). Direct microscopic examination revealed Demodex mites in 42.1% of the blepharitis group. No culture growth or Demodex mites were observed in the control group. Conclusions We have shown fungi with PAS staining in the majority of patients with chronic anterior blepharitis. Further controlled studies are necessary to clarify the role of fungi in the etiopathogenesis of blepharitis.

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“…One 2014 single-center series reported that the primary cause of endophthalmitis in that institution changed from post-surgical in 2003 to post-injection in 2010 [4]. There is growing understanding of the additional risks posed by the use of off-label medications and surgical adjuncts prepared by compounding pharmacies, with several recent reported series, including Streptococcus mitis/oralis endophthalmitis following injection of bevacziumab (Avastin, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) [5], Bipolaris hawaiiensis endophthalmitis following injection of triamcinolone [6], Bipolaris hawaiiensis endophthalmitis following injection of combined bevacizumab and triamcinolone [7], and Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex endophthalmitis following the use of Brilliant Blue G dye during PPV [8]. …”

Section: Endophthalmitis After Pars Plana Vitrectomy (Ppv) and Intravmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the prevention and treatment of endophthalmitis

Schwartz

Flynn

2014

Expert Review of Ophthalmology

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SUMMARY Endophthalmitis remains a rare but serious cause of visual loss. Over time, changes have been noted in endophthalmitis in terms of predominant causes, infecting organisms, and antibiotic susceptibilities. There is controversy regarding the use of intracameral prophylactic antimicrobials during cataract surgery. Alternatively, there appears to be increasing evidence against using routine topical antibiotics for intravitreal injections. There are also increasing reports of multidrug-resistant organisms causing endophthalmitis, but the combination of vancomycin and ceftazidime appears effective for the vast majority of cases. Future trends may involve increasing utilization of polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis, and possibly office-based pars plana vitrectomy for treatment of endophthalmitis.

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Clinical and Pathologic Features ofBipolarisEndophthalmitis After Intravitreal Triamcinolone

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Emergence and accumulation of novel pathogens suppress an invasive species

Emergence and accumulation of novel pathogens suppress an invasive species

Periodic acid–Schiff staining demonstrates fungi in chronic anterior blepharitis

Update on the prevention and treatment of endophthalmitis

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