Clinical and microbiological features of dientamoebiasis in patients suspected of suffering from a parasitic gastrointestinal illness: A comparison of Dientamoeba fragilis and Giardia lamblia infections

Vandenberg, Olivier; Peek, Ron; Souayah, Hichem; Dediste, Anne; Buset, Michel; Scheen, Robert; Retore, Patricia; Zissis, Georges; Gool, Tom van

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2005.05.011

Cited by 74 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…However, enteric parasites-mainly protozoa-are isolated from 1% to 65% of patients with diarrhea in various settings. The relative prevalences of enteric protozoa reported in several developed countries in outbreak and nonoutbreak settings among humans are reported in Table 1 (1, 11,12,24,60,85,90,96,128,144,184,192,193,204,215,225,247,248,255,264,265,301,335,355,370,395,416,417,425,442,444,452,467). Giardia intestinalis (0.2% to 29.2% of cases), Cryptosporidium spp.…”

Section: Distribution In Developed Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, high rates of coinfection with other enteric pathogens and protozoa suggest that transmission occurs directly via the fecal-oral route (26,191). Infection may be acute or chronic and has been reported in both children and adults and both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed populations (26,127,361,389,392,444). The most common clinical symptoms include abdominal pain, persistent diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, and flatulence (22,355,389,444).…”

Section: Dientamoeba Fragilismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY Several enteric protozoa cause severe morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals worldwide. In developed settings, enteric protozoa are often ignored as a cause of diarrheal illness due to better hygiene conditions, and as such, very little effort is used toward laboratory diagnosis. Although these protozoa contribute to the high burden of infectious diseases, estimates of their true prevalence are sometimes affected by the lack of sensitive diagnostic techniques to detect them in clinical and environmental specimens. Despite recent advances in the epidemiology, molecular biology, and treatment of protozoan illnesses, gaps in knowledge still exist, requiring further research. There is evidence that climate-related changes will contribute to their burden due to displacement of ecosystems and human and animal populations, increases in atmospheric temperature, flooding and other environmental conditions suitable for transmission, and the need for the reuse of alternative water sources to meet growing population needs. This review discusses the common enteric protozoa from a public health perspective, highlighting their epidemiology, modes of transmission, prevention, and control. It also discusses the potential impact of climate changes on their epidemiology and the issues surrounding waterborne transmission and suggests a multidisciplinary approach to their prevention and control.

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Section: Distribution In Developed Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dientamoeba Fragilismentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

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“…Between bouts of diarrhea the patient may have normal stools. However, abdominal discomfort may be continuous and independent of the alteration in bowel habits (271).…”

Section: Giardia Intestinalismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Significance of Enteric Protozoa in the Immunosuppressed Human Population

et al. 2009

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SUMMARY Globally, the number of immunosuppressed people increases each year, with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic continuing to spread unabated in many parts of the world. Immunosuppression may also occur in malnourished persons, patients undergoing chemotherapy for malignancy, and those receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Components of the immune system can be functionally or genetically abnormal as a result of acquired (e.g., caused by HIV infection, lymphoma, or high-dose steroids or other immunosuppressive medications) or congenital illnesses, with more than 120 congenital immunodeficiencies described to date that either affect humoral immunity or compromise T-cell function. All individuals affected by immunosuppression are at risk of infection by opportunistic parasites (such as the microsporidia) as well as those more commonly associated with gastrointestinal disease (such as Giardia). The outcome of infection by enteric protozoan parasites is dependent on absolute CD4+ cell counts, with lower counts being associated with more severe disease, more atypical disease, and a greater risk of disseminated disease. This review summarizes our current state of knowledge on the significance of enteric parasitic protozoa as a cause of disease in immunosuppressed persons and also provides guidance on recent advances in diagnosis and therapy for the control of these important parasites.

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“…1,4 Recent studies have shown the organism to be widespread with relatively high prevalence rates ranging from 8.9% to 16.8% in developed regions of the world. [8][9][10] Gastrointestinal symptoms attributed to Dientamoeba infection most commonly include diarrhoea and abdominal pain, with chronic infection often reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The parasite has been shown to cause gastrointestinal disease in a wide range of patient groups, has a world-wide distribution and is often more prevalent than Giardia. 1,2 Chronic symptoms have been reported previously in patients presenting with D. fragilis infection. 3 One study found that 32% of D. fragilis infected patients had persistent diarrhoea and associated symptoms of greater than 2 weeks duration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Repeated Dientamoeba fragilis Infections: A Case Report of Two Families from Sydney, Australia

Stark

Barratt

Ellis

et al. 2009

Infectious Disease Reports

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Clinical and microbiological features of dientamoebiasis in patients suspected of suffering from a parasitic gastrointestinal illness: A comparison of Dientamoeba fragilis and Giardia lamblia infections

Abstract: D. fragilis and G. lamblia were the most frequently encountered parasites in our study population. Improved diagnostic tests are essential tools to study the prevalence and pathogenesis of D. fragilis.

Cited by 74 publications

References 22 publications

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

Clinical Significance of Enteric Protozoa in the Immunosuppressed Human Population

Repeated Dientamoeba fragilis Infections: A Case Report of Two Families from Sydney, Australia

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