Clinical and microbial spectrum of community-acquired pneumonia in children of north India

Abstract

We compared the clinical, radiological and microbial profile in children suffering from community-acquired pneumonia in rural populations of north India. A total of 125 such children were divided into two age groups of 2–12 months (Group A) and 13–60 months (Group B). After taking a history and clinical examination, routine investigations including full blood count, blood, urine, and nasopharyngeal swab culture and radiology were performed. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae was carried out. Failure to eat or drink was more common (40.9%) in Group A, than Group B (18.7%). Lung consolidation was more common in Group B. Blood and urine culture were found to be more positive in Group A while combined nasopharyngeal culture and multiplex polymerase chain reaction favoured more bacterial growth in Group B.

The global burden of hospitalisation due to pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus in the under-5 years children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][29][30][31][32]35,38,40,42,45,46,50 The nutrition status of children was unclear in the remaining sixteen studies. 18,26−28,31,33,36,39,41,43,44,47,49, 51,52 Antibiotic administration before admission was widely prevalent, although all studies seemed to ensure that antibiotics were not administered in the hospital until samples for bacterial testing were collected. Data on this aspect were generally collected by conducting interviews with parents or testing urine for antibiotics.…”

“…The high and medium quality studies (n = 12) accounted for 7912 episodes of hospitalisations and gave a pooled estimate of the proportion of staphylococcal pneumonia cases as 6% (95% CI 2% to 10%; I 2 = 98%). 18,[20][21][22]25,30,42,43,46,49,50,52 Low quality studies (n = 22) accounted for 12,796 hospitalisation episodes and gave a pooled estimate of 2% (95% CI 1% to 3%, I 2 = 93%). 19,23,24,[26][27][28][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]44,45,47,48,51 The pooled estimate of the proportion of Staphylococcal pneumonia cases amongst hospitalised pneumonia cases in under-5 children after eliminating each subgroup of the type of samples is summarised in Table 2.…”

Assessment of Difference in the Clinical and Microbial Spectrum of Community-Acquired Pneumonia among Egyptian Children

“…Fever is common but not always present at the time of assessment. Fever alone occurring without cough or respiratory distress may still be due to pneumonia (3) .…”

Study of Vitamin D Status in Pneumonia among Children between 6 Months to 3 Years of Age

“…Pneumonia is the inflammation of the lung parenchyma caused by micro-organisms and is considered the leading cause of under-five mortality globally [1]. In the developing world, pneumonia is not only more common than it is in Europe and North America; it is also more severe and is the largest killer of children.…”

“…In the developing world, pneumonia is not only more common than it is in Europe and North America; it is also more severe and is the largest killer of children. Pneumonia accounts for 15% of all deaths of children under 5 years old, killing approximately 81,000 children in 2017 [1].…”