CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL COMPARISONS IN Th- DEPENDENT IMMUNE RESPONSE MECHANISMS AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global public health problem. Studies in immunological features and their correlations with clinical course of COPD are of importance. The aim of this study was to elucidate clinical and immunological features in COPD of different severity grade, concerning Th1- and Тh17-dependent types of immune response.The study included 132 COPD patients and 32 healthy individuals. According to clinical and functional patterns, the patients with COPD were divided into 3 groups, i.e., 36 cases (28%) of mild severity; 62 individuals (48%), of moderate severity, and 30 patients (23%) of severe clinical grade. We have performed both clinical and immunological evaluation of the patients. The Th1- and Th17-specific lymphocyte subpopulations were assessed according to the serum levels of cytokines, i.e. tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), IL-4, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-21, IFNγ, as well as transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). We have also determined expression of IL-6R receptor (CD126+) on mature T lymphocytes (CD3+) and T helper cells (CD4+) from peripheral blood. We have obtained the following results: the patients with mild-grade COPD exhibited three different T cell phenotypes were determined, with a prevalence of Th1-dependent immune response. The IL-6R were mostly expressed on CD3+CD126+ cells for the Th1/Th17 phenotype, and CD4+CD126+ cells in cases of Th17-dependent type immune response. In patients with COPD of moderate severity, the Th1, Th17, or Th1/Th17 types of immune response was revealed at similar rates. The level of IL-6R expression on mature T lymphocytes and T-helper cells increased to the greatest extent in cases of Th17-dependent immune response. In severe COPD patients, we have found a dominance of Th17 and Th1/Th17 type immune response. The levels of IL-6R expressionwere increased in Th17- and Th1/Th17-dependent types of immune response, the most significant increase was observed for CD4+ cells in Th17 phenotype. Clinical features of COPD proved to be associated with the phenotypes of immune response. These results allow of specifying the inflammatory phenotype, predicting the course of chronic disease, and selecting appropriate therapy.

Role of Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Regulation of T-Helper Immune Response in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

“…Currently, it is generally accepted that COPD is a heterogeneous disease that includes several phenotypes characterized by different clinical manifestations and pathophysiological reactions [ 3 – 5 , 39 ]. According to modern concepts, COPD phenotypes can be differentiated based on cytokine profiles associated with the development of a certain type of Th immune response [ 6 – 8 ].…”

“…Our previous studies have shown that Th1 and Th17 types of immune response determine the clinical course of COPD. It has been found that inflammation developing according to the Th17 type of immune response is characterized by more pronounced airway obstruction and a higher risk of infectious complications compared to Th1-dependent inflammation [ 39 ]. Solleiro-Villavicencio et al showed that biomass smoke-induced COPD is associated with the Th2 cytokine profile [ 40 ].…”

<p>The Role of Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease</p>

“…In COPD, a predominance of Th1 and Th17 types of immune response has been detected. 47,48 Moreover, Th17-associated inflammation is characterized by severe airway obstruction and a high risk of infectious complications. 48 A lot of researchers argue that an imbalance between subpopulations of Th17 cells and Tregs promotes COPD progression.…”

“…47,48 Moreover, Th17-associated inflammation is characterized by severe airway obstruction and a high risk of infectious complications. 48 A lot of researchers argue that an imbalance between subpopulations of Th17 cells and Tregs promotes COPD progression. [49][50][51] There is more evidence of the contribution of TLRs in the formation of Th immune response, including the regulation of Th17/Treg balance.…”

Etiopathogenetic parallels and unresolved issues of pathogenesis of comorbidity COPD and metabolic syndrome (review)

“…Было установлено, что у пациентов с неосложненным течением болезни, с редкими сезонными обострениями и умеренной степенью ограничения скорости воздушного потока, преобладает Тh1-тип иммунного ответа с характерным для него цитокиновым фоном и субпопуляционным составом лимфоцитов в крови (повышение концентрации TNFα, IFNγ и количества CD3 + CD126 + -клеток, экспрессирующих IL-6R). У больных со средней степенью ограничения скорости воздушного потока, выраженным влиянием ХОБЛ на качество жизни и частыми обострениями превалировал Th17-фенотип иммунного ответа на фоне высокой концентрации IL-21, IL-6 и TGF-β1 в крови и численное преобладание CD4 + CD126 + -лимфоцитов) [21][22][23].…”