Clinical and immunological characteristics of pre‐school asthma

Loftus, B G; Price, J. F.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00772.x

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…LTRAs represent an asthma medication that provide long-lasting bronchoprotection with an anti-inflammatory component, improving asthma symptoms and lung function in adults and children. In adults LTRAs block both early and late reactions to antigen challenge and reduce sputum eosinophilia [137], and in asthmatic children they reduce NO in exhaled air [136,138,139].…”

Section: Exercise Induced Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antileukotriene Drugs: Clinical Application, Effectiveness and Safety

Riccioni¹,

Bucciarelli²,

Mancini³

et al. 2007

CMC

115

102

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Cysteinyl leukotrienes (Cys-LTs) are potent proinflammatory mediators derived from arachidonic acid through the 5-lypoxigenase (5-LO) pathway. They exert important pharmacological effects by interaction with at least two different receptors: Cys-LT(1) and Cys-LT(2). By competitive binding to the Cys-LT(1) receptor, leukotriene receptor antagonist drugs such as montelukast, zafirlukast, and pranlukast, block the effects of Cys-LTs and alleviate the symptoms of many chronic diseases, especially bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Evidence obtained by randomized clinical trials as also by direct experience derived from patients suffering from asthma and allergic rhinitis justifies a broader role for leukotrienes receptor antagonists (LTRAs). Recently published studies and case reports have demonstrated beneficial effects of LTRAs on other diseases commonly associated with asthma (exercise induced asthma, rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease, chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, allergic fungal disease, nasal polyposis, and paranasal sinus disease) as well as other diseases not connected to asthma (migraine, respiratory syncytial virus postbronchiolitis, systemic mastocytosis, cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, cancer, atherosclerosis, eosinophils cystitis, otitis media, capsular contracture, and eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders). The aim of this review is to show the most recent applications and effectiveness in clinical practice of the LTRAs.

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Section: Exercise Induced Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sports that involve outdoor running are those mostly involved. Structured interviews with preschool children and their parents who were attending a hospital-based asthma clinic found that physical activity caused wheezing in 88% of the children [136].…”

Section: Exercise Induced Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antileukotriene Drugs: Clinical Application, Effectiveness and Safety

Riccioni¹,

Bucciarelli²,

Mancini³

et al. 2007

CMC

115

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Activity is an important trigger of asthma at all stages of childhood. Structured interviews with preschool children and their parents who were attending a hospital‐based asthma clinic found that physical activity caused wheezing in 88% of the children (4). Impairment of activity is also a problem in older children with asthma.…”

Section: The Size Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choices of therapy for exercise-induced asthma in children

Price

2001

Allergy

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Cough and wheezing interferes with sport and other forms of physical activity in half of asthmatic children. Airway obstruction can be induced by a standard exercise test in over 70% of children with asthma. A beta-adrenergic agonist or cromone taken by inhalation beforehand will usually inhibit bronchoconstriction provoked by a free running exercise test. The duration of protective effect with salbutamol, terbutaline and cromones is less than 4 h. The long acting beta-adrenergic agonists formoterol and salmeterol give protection against exercise-induced airway obstruction for up to 12 h, which implies that treatment given in the morning will offer protection from the effects of physical activity throughout the day. However, the duration of protective effect after a morning dose declines if these compounds are given regularly. Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LRAs) also provide good protection against exercise-induced asthma. Regular administration of LRAs is not associated with tolerance and loss of protective effect. The oral route makes for unobtrusive administration and this may help adherence to prescribed regimens.

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“…Atopic children can often be identified by demotistration of specific IgE antibodies. Several studies of the prevalence of sensitization to various allergens in children have been done, but most of them do not cover a wide range of nutritional and inhalant allergens in both young and older children (1)(2)(3)(4)(5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitization in childhood atopic disease identified by Phadebas RAST, serum IgE and Phadiatop

Sigurs

Hildebrand²,

Hultquist³

et al. 1990

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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A search for IgE antibodies was performed in 224 children, aged 0–15 yr, with symptoms compatible with IgE‐mediated allergy, employing total IgE. RAST with up to 17 allergens and the Phadiatop® test. Fiftysix of 113 children (50%), aged 0–3 yr, and 80 of 111 children (72%) aged 4–15 yr had specific IgE antibodies. The most common allergens during the first 4 yr were egg white, a mixture of nuts (hazel nut, peanut, almond, coconut and Brazil nut) and milk. During the 2nd yr of life inhalant allergens became more important. From the 3rd yr they became more common than food allergens as sensitizers. Among the children aged 4–15 yr timothy, cat and nut mix were the most common allergens. Among the children with specific IgE antibodies Phadiatop was positive in 58% of the children younger than 4 yr, and in 91% of the children over that age. Fifty‐three of the children with IgE antibodies against nut mix were further investigated for antibodies against hazel nut, peanut and almond, and 48 (91%) were positive against at least one of them. The parents of 41 of these patients answered a questionnaire about adverse symptoms against nuts, and 26 (63%) were aware of clinical sensitivity. In conclusion, IgE antibodies against food allergens dominated in children under 2 yr, and thereafter antibodies against inhalants became more important. An unexpectedly high prevalence of IgE antibodies against nut mixture was found. Phadiatop was a good screening method for identification of children 4 yr or older with IgE antibodies against inhalants.

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Clinical and immunological characteristics of pre‐school asthma

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Antileukotriene Drugs: Clinical Application, Effectiveness and Safety

Antileukotriene Drugs: Clinical Application, Effectiveness and Safety

Choices of therapy for exercise-induced asthma in children

Sensitization in childhood atopic disease identified by Phadebas RAST, serum IgE and Phadiatop

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