Clinical and Epidemiologic Patterns of Chikungunya Virus Infection and Coincident Arboviral Disease in a School Cohort in Haiti, 2014–2015

Ball, Jacob D.; Elbadry, Maha A.; Telisma, Taina; White, Sarah K.; Chavannes, Sonese; Anilis, Marie Gina; Prosperi, Mattia; Cummings, Derek A. T.; Lednicky, John A.; Morris, J. Glenn; Rochars, Madsen Beau de

doi:10.1093/cid/ciy582

Cited by 25 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…From May, 2014, through February, 2015 (initial time period), 252 children with AFI were seen. As previously reported [8], confirmed laboratory diagnoses in this initial time period included CHIKV (31% of children), DENV1 (9%), DENV4 (13%), ZIKV (2%), and Mayaro virus (0.4%). No infections with MADV were identified.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Clinic services are free, and serve as the primary source of medical care for students [7]. Since May, 2014, all school children seen in the clinic with AFI (defined as a subjective history of fever and/or fever on presentation in a child with no obvious source of infection) have been asked to provide a blood sample for viral screening [8–10]. All clinical data are collected and recorded by the clinic physician or nursing staff as part of routine clinical care, with data extracted from clinical charts for analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of Madariaga virus as a cause of acute febrile illness in children, Haiti, 2015-2016

et al. 2019

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Madariaga virus (MADV), also known as South American eastern equine encephalitis virus, has been identified in animals and humans in South and Central America, but not previously in Hispaniola or the northern Caribbean. MADV was isolated from virus cultures of plasma from an 8-year-old child in a school cohort in the Gressier/Leogane region of Haiti, who was seen in April, 2015, with acute febrile illness (AFI). The virus was subsequently cultured from an additional seven AFI case patients from this same cohort in February, April, and May 2016. Symptoms most closely resembled those seen with confirmed dengue virus infection. Sequence data were available for four isolates: all were within the same clade, with phylogenetic and molecular clock data suggesting recent introduction of the virus into Haiti from Panama sometime in the period from October 2012-January 2015. Our data document the movement of MADV into Haiti, and raise questions about the potential for further spread in the Caribbean or North America.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of Madariaga virus as a cause of acute febrile illness in children, Haiti, 2015-2016

et al. 2019

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“…MAYV was identified in plasma samples from five patients. Two of the five cases have been previously reported (Ball et al, 2018;Lednicky et al, 2016), albeit as single cases, with the existence of two other strains noted in another paper (Blohm et al, 2019); the current manuscript combines data for all strains, and provides a unified phylogenetic and molecular clock analysis. In one case, the patient was found to be infected with both MAYV and DENV1 (Lednicky et al, 2016); a second case involved a dual infection with MAYV and CHIKV (Ball et al, 2018).…”

Section: Results and Commentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Mayaro as a Caribbean traveler: Evidence for multiple introductions and transmission of the virus into Haiti

Blohm

Elbadry

Mavian

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Mayaro virus (MAYV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that is being recognized with increasing frequency in South America. As part of ongoing surveillance of a school cohort in Haiti, we identified MAYV infections in 5 children across a 7-month time span, at two different school campuses. All had a history of fever, and three had headaches; none complained of arthralgias. On analysis of whole genome sequence data, three strains were genotype D, and two were genotype L; phylogenetic and molecular clock analysis was consistent with at least 3 independent introductions of the virus into Haiti, with ongoing transmission of a common genotype D strain in a single school. Our data highlight the clear potential for spread of the virus in the northern Caribbean and North America.

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“…The clinical presentations of 48 cases with ZIKV/CHIKV coinfection were reported in 1 cohort study, 1 crosssectional study, 4 case series and 6 case reports (tables 2-4, online supplementary tables 1 and 2). [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Within the cohort, cross-sectional and case series studies, cases were reported to present with the following signs and symptoms consistent with the WHO ZIKV clinical case definition 1 : fever (33%-100%), rash (0%-100%), conjunctivitis (0%-50%), myalgia (67%-100%), arthralgia (0%-67%) and headache (17%-50%) (tables 2 and 3). In addition, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were reported in 17% to 100% of cases in three studies (tables 2 and 3).…”

Section: Zikv/chikv Coinfectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The frequency and clinical presentation of Zika virus coinfections: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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BackgroundThere is limited knowledge on the influence of concurrent coinfections on the clinical presentation of Zika virus (ZIKV) disease.MethodsTo better understand the types, frequencies and clinical manifestations of ZIKV coinfections, we did a systematic review of four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS) without restrictions for studies on ZIKV coinfections confirmed by nucleic acid (quantitative real-time-PCR) testing of ZIKV and coinfecting pathogens. The review aimed to identify cohort, cross-sectional, case series and case report studies that described frequencies and/or clinical signs and symptoms of ZIKV coinfections. Conference abstracts, reviews, commentaries and studies with imprecise pathogen diagnoses and/or no clinical evaluations were excluded.ResultsThe search identified 34 articles from 10 countries, comprising 2 cohort, 10 cross-sectional, 8 case series and 14 case report studies. Coinfections were most frequently reported to have occurred with other arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses); out of the 213 coinfections described, ZIKV infections co-occurred with chikungunya in 115 cases, with dengue in 68 cases and with both viruses in 19 cases. Other coinfecting agents included human immunodeficiency, Epstein-Barr, human herpes and Mayaro viruses, Leptospira spp, Toxoplasma gondii and Schistosoma mansoni. ZIKV-coinfected cases primarily presented with mild clinical features, typical of ZIKV monoinfection; however, 9% of cases in cohort and cross-sectional studies were reported to experience complications.ConclusionBased on the evidence collated in this review, coinfections do not appear to strongly influence the clinical manifestations of uncomplicated ZIKV infections. Further research is needed to confirm whether risk of severe complications is altered when ZIKV infection co-occurs with other infections.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018111023.

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Clinical and Epidemiologic Patterns of Chikungunya Virus Infection and Coincident Arboviral Disease in a School Cohort in Haiti, 2014–2015

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

Emergence of Madariaga virus as a cause of acute febrile illness in children, Haiti, 2015-2016

Emergence of Madariaga virus as a cause of acute febrile illness in children, Haiti, 2015-2016

Mayaro as a Caribbean traveler: Evidence for multiple introductions and transmission of the virus into Haiti

The frequency and clinical presentation of Zika virus coinfections: a systematic review

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