Clinical Anatomy of the Head Region of the Black Bengal Goat in Bangladesh

Abstract

The study involved the measurements of some clinically important landmarks for regional anesthesia in the maxillary and mandibular regions of head of fifty Black Bengal (BB) goats. The distance from facial tuberosity to the infra-orbital canal and from the latter to the root of the alveolar tooth directly ventral to it were 1.85 cm and 1.75 cm respectively. Both the distances from facial tuberosity to infra-orbital canal and from infra-orbital canal to the root of the alveolar tooth are of clinical important even in live animal as a guide for tracking infra-orbital nerve because of facial tuberosity. The distance between the lateral end of the alveolus of the incisor tooth to the mental foramen was 2.11 cm and are from the mental foramen to the caudal mandibular border was 11.69 cm and important for the regional anesthesia of mental nerve. The length and maximum height of the mandibles were 14.21 cm and 8.83 cm respectively. The distance from Caudal border of mandible to below mandibular foramen was 1.47 cm, while the distance from the mandibular foramen to the base of the mandible, Caudal border of mandibular to the level of mandibular foramen and mandibular foramen to border of mandibular angle were 3.64cm, 0.90 cm and 2.65 cm respectively. Parameters regarding mandible are of c linical important landmarks and will be guide for the regional anesthesia of mandibular nerve block. However, these data was discussed with regard to their application in proper tracking of infra-orbital, mental and mandibular nerves in aid of regional anesthetic procedures for the clinical affection around the head of the Black Bengal goat.

Morphometrical Studies on the Skull of Indian Blackbuck (Antelope cervicapra)

“…Uddin et al (2009) also reported same measurements for Black Bengal goat were 1.85±0.14 cm and 1.75±0.19 cm. The maximum length and width of the premaxilla was 7.23±0.007 cm and 1.00±0.001 cm, respectively.…”

Topographic and Morphometr ic Anatomy of Mental Foramen of Black Bengal goat ( Capra hircus ) in Bangladesh with its Clinical Implication for Regional Anesthesia

“…The mean distance between caudal border of ramus of mandible to mental foramen in Black Bengal goat was 11.81 ± 0.89 cm which was almost similar with the previous study of Uddin, et al (2009) [10], where he found 11.69 ± 0.4 cm and by Karimi, et al (2012) [15], where he found 13.74 ± 0.18 cm in Mehraban Sheep. More mean distance (15.23 ± 1.46 cm) was found in the study of Mohamed, et al (2016) [14] in Barbados Black Belly Sheep.…”

“…These findings suggested, mental foramen may be palpable along the ventro-lateral line (about 1.46 ± 0.09 cm away) from 1 st premolar tooth. The mean distance between lateral incisor tooth to mental foramen in Black Bengal goat was 2.01 ± 0.05 cm; where 2.11 ± 0.17 cm was found by Uddin, et al (2009) [10] in Black Bengal goat; 2.25 ± 0.31 cm by Mohamed, et al (2016) [14] in Barbados Black Belly Sheep; 1.56 ± 0.22 cm by Olopade and Onwuka (2005) [8] in West African Dwarf goat and 1.58 ± 0.19 cm by Kataba, et al (2014) [9] in Gwembe Valley Dwarf goat.…”

“…West African Dwarf goat [8] and Gwembe Valley Dwarf goat [9]. Fewer studied were done on morphometry of mental foramen of in Black Bengal goat in Bangladesh [10]. Here, the study was planned for details investigation of topographic and morphometric anatomy of mental foramen of Black Bengal goat in Bangladesh with its clinical implication for regional anesthesia.…”

Applied Anatomy of the Maxillofacial and Mandibular Regions of the Indian One-Humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius) and Its Clinical Implications during Regional Anesthesia

“…1) were 2.19±0.068 cm and 3.21±0.078 cm, respectively in camel (Table I) while in West African Dwarfs goats were 1.6-1.8 cm and 1.3-1.6 cm (Olopade & Onwuka, 2005); in Gwembe Valley dwarf goat were 2.06±0.14 cm and 1.13±0.11 cm (Kataba et al, 2014); in Iranian native cattle were 2.8 cm and 2.5 cm (Monfared, 2013b) and in blackbuck were 2.37±0.009 cm and 0.72±0.008 cm . Uddin et al, (2009) also reported same measurements for Black Bengal goat were 1.85±0.14 cm and 1.75±0.19 cm.…”