Climate Risk Transfer Public Policies: An Analysis of the Colombian Case

Abstract

Colombia es uno de los países de la región de América Latina y el Caribe (LAC) con mayores avances en Políticas Públicas (PPs) de protección financiera. Siguiendo el enfoque integral de la Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres (GRD) y mediante una revisión comprensiva del contexto internacional y (sub)nacional, este estudio analiza las PPs de transferencia del riesgo climático en Colombia y presenta retos y recomendaciones para superarlos, como referencia para la implementación de marcos de PP de transferencia del riesgo en otros países. Identificamos ocho PPs y realizamos una caracterización de las PPs de GRD y transferencia del riesgo a través de una matriz de análisis compuesta por 21 variables relacionadas con tres tipologías: referencia, contexto y contenido. Los resultados muestran que las PPs colombianas incluyen a la transferencia del riesgo ante fenómenos naturales, pero no se encuentra regulada en el nivel subnacional y presentan un enfoque ‘top-down’. Las limitantes identificadas se basan en la carencia de instrumentos de monitoreo y evaluación, así como de información sobre los procesos de consulta/participación.

Community and governmental perspectives on climate disaster risk finance instruments in Colombia

“…Emphasis was placed on formulating concrete DRF strategies. As of June 2023, Colombia has seven DRF departmental strategies out of 32 (Fernández et al. , 2023a, b).…”

“…Colombia, as one of the V20 members, has made significant progress in DRM and DRF, as evidenced by its robust public policy, regulatory framework and a well-established (sub)national DRM system (Fernández, 2020; Fernández et al. , 2023a, b).…”

“…The interviews were conducted in Spanish, which is the local language, and online, with the top six out of the 12 territorial units selected using the “prioritization of territorial areas for implementing inclusive climate risk transfer mechanisms” framework. This prioritization was based on CC conditions with a representative concentration pathway (RCP) of 6.0 for the period 2011–2040, as presented by Fernández et al. (2023a, b).…”

“…However, a crucial gap exists in consulting key community and governmental actors to assess their perspectives on DRF, including potentialities, weaknesses and concerns. There is widespread discussion about DRF in Colombia, and Fernández et al. (2023a, b) report the limitations in comprehension and effective implementation due to vague guidelines and a lack of context-specific guidance.…”

Prioritization of Territorial Areas for Implementing Inclusive Climate Risk Transfer Mechanisms. Colombia as a Case Study.

“…In terms of public policies, risk transfer presents relevant progress at the (sub)national level. The country has four departmental financial protection strategies that are aligned with international and national DRM public policies (Fernández et al 2022b).…”