Climate change and seafood safety: Human health implications

Marques, António; Nunes, María Leonor; Moore, Stephanie K.; Strom, Mark S.

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2010.02.010

Cited by 121 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…These events have the ability to significantly increase the risk of infectious diseases due to the abundance and distribution of disease agents in the environment (97,279,333). Some experts have projected that the following water-related risks are likely to increase in both developed and developing countries as a direct result of climate change: (i) excess precipitation and floods may result in increased runoff and turbidity and decreased effectiveness of water treatment (59); (ii) heavy rain, snow, or ice melt may flush animal manure, human sewage, and wildlife and pet droppings into surface water or groundwater reservoirs, leading to contamination of drinking water sources (59,77); (iii) droughts may lead to reduced water availability, lower water pressure, compaction contributing to increased runoff when rain eventually does fall (59), and increased use of alternative water sources for domestic purposes and irrigation, increasing the likelihood of contamination of water and food (435); (iv) a decreased food supply associated with extended dry spells and drought in some countries may lead to increased importation of substandard foods, resulting in the introduction of food safety hazards such as enteric protozoa at various stages of the food chain, from primary production through to consumption (435); and (v) there may be increased risk for the contamination of recreational waters and exacerbation of the presence of biological contaminants in marine environments, leading to seafood contamination (261).…”

Section: Implications Of Climate-related Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY Several enteric protozoa cause severe morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals worldwide. In developed settings, enteric protozoa are often ignored as a cause of diarrheal illness due to better hygiene conditions, and as such, very little effort is used toward laboratory diagnosis. Although these protozoa contribute to the high burden of infectious diseases, estimates of their true prevalence are sometimes affected by the lack of sensitive diagnostic techniques to detect them in clinical and environmental specimens. Despite recent advances in the epidemiology, molecular biology, and treatment of protozoan illnesses, gaps in knowledge still exist, requiring further research. There is evidence that climate-related changes will contribute to their burden due to displacement of ecosystems and human and animal populations, increases in atmospheric temperature, flooding and other environmental conditions suitable for transmission, and the need for the reuse of alternative water sources to meet growing population needs. This review discusses the common enteric protozoa from a public health perspective, highlighting their epidemiology, modes of transmission, prevention, and control. It also discusses the potential impact of climate changes on their epidemiology and the issues surrounding waterborne transmission and suggests a multidisciplinary approach to their prevention and control.

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Section: Implications Of Climate-related Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

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“…Consequently, climate change is expected to influence geographical exposure levels, as well as the distribution of this and other Vibrio spp. (44,45).Densities of V. parahaemolyticus are also influenced by temperature during postharvest transport and processing, resulting in multiplication of the bacterium to potentially hazardous levels if oysters are not promptly refrigerated (11,14,30). A recent market survey of oyster microbiological quality performed in the United States found that 15% of tested lots exceeded the 10,000 most probable number (MPN)/g V. parahaemolyticus criterion established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (17,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, climate change is expected to influence geographical exposure levels, as well as the distribution of this and other Vibrio spp. (44,45).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Models for the Effect of Storage Temperature on Vibrio parahaemolyticus Viability and Counts of Total Viable Bacteria in Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas)

Fernandez‐Piquer

Bowman

Ross

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an indigenous bacterium of marine environments. It accumulates in oysters and may reach levels that cause human illness when postharvest temperatures are not properly controlled and oysters are consumed raw or undercooked. Predictive models were produced by injecting Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) with a cocktail of V. parahaemolyticus strains, measuring viability rates at storage temperatures from 3.6 to 30.4°C, and fitting the data to a model to obtain parameter estimates. The models were evaluated with Pacific and Sydney Rock oysters (Saccostrea glomerata) containing natural populations of V. parahaemolyticus. V. parahaemolyticus viability was measured by direct plating samples on thiosulfate-citratebile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar for injected oysters and by most probable number (MPN)-PCR for oysters containing natural populations. In parallel, total viable bacterial counts (TVC) were measured by direct plating on marine agar. Growth/inactivation rates for V. parahaemolyticus were ؊0.006, ؊0.004, ؊0.005, ؊0.003, 0.030, 0.075, 0.095, and 0.282 log 10 CFU/h at 3.6, 6.2, 9.6, 12.6, 18.4, 20.0, 25.7, and 30.4°C, respectively. The growth rates for TVC were 0.015, 0.023, 0.016, 0.048, 0.055, 0.071, 0.133, and 0.135 log 10 CFU/h at 3.6, 6.2, 9.3, 14.9, 18.4, 20.0, 25.7, and 30.4°C, respectively. Square root and Arrhenius-type secondary models were generated for V. parahaemolyticus growth and inactivation kinetic data, respectively. A square root model was produced for TVC growth. Evaluation studies showed that predictive growth for V. parahaemolyticus and TVC were "fail safe." The models can assist oyster companies and regulators in implementing management strategies to minimize V. parahaemolyticus risk and enhancing product quality in supply chains.Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative, halophilic, curved, rod-shaped bacterial species indigenous to marine environments (19). Oysters accumulate V. parahaemolyticus via filter feeding that may result in concentrations 100 times greater than those found in the surrounding seawater (16). Consequently, the consumption of raw or improperly cooked oysters can sometimes result in V. parahaemolyticus infection. Disease occurs worldwide (59), with a higher incidence reported in the United States (13, 64).Human disease usually displays as moderate to severe gastroenteritis, although septicemia may occur in individuals with impaired hepatic and renal capacity and the immunocompromised (66). Clinical illness is mostly associated with strains that produce the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and/or TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) that are encoded by the tdh and trh genes, respectively (58).The reported frequency of tdh detection in oysters in studies at least 1 year in duration ranges from 3 to 70% (15,18,34,52) and 17 to 60% for trh (34), depending on the methodology and the region studied. In Australia, V. parahaemolyticus has been isolated from oysters (20,23,24,40,42), and two reported outbreaks have been linked to oyster consumption, with on...

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“…Sobre la base de investigaciones realizadas, se espera a futuro un clima con temperaturas más altas y extremas (Millán, 2014), cambios que van a afectar la biología y ecología de los patógenos (Marques et al, 2010) y la distribución de las enfermedades infecciosas (Altizer et al, 2013). Los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos, como inundaciones y sequías, pueden provocar la contaminación de los suelos, de las tierras agrí-colas, del agua y de los alimentos, con patógenos provenientes de humanos y animales (Tirado et al, 2010).…”

Section: Cambio Climáticounclassified

Las Zoonosis Transmitidas Por Alimentos Pueden Afectar Su Epidemiología, Producto Del Cambio Climático Y Los Procesos De Globalización

Donoso

Gädicke

Landaeta

2016

Chil. j. agric. anim. sci.

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RESUMENEl propósito de esta revisión es evaluar los efectos del cambio climático y de la globalización en el comportamiento epidemiológico de las zoonosis transmitidas por los alimentos. Los mayores efectos se han generado por la globalización, donde el cambio de hábitos de las personas, el aumento en el transporte de pasajeros, el movimiento de animales, la mayor disponibilidad de alimentos, y el aumento en el comercio internacional de alimentos, ingredientes y materias primas, han generado mayor diseminación de agentes patógenos. Las modificaciones de las temperaturas y el aumento en la frecuencia de fenómenos climáticos extremos, como grandes sequías e inundaciones, han afectado a los patógenos que se pueden transmitir por los alimentos, lo que ha generado la desaparición y aparición de nuevos patógenos en los alimentos. Debido a que el cambio climático y la globalización son procesos constantes y dinámicos, se necesita mayor investigación y colaboración entre las organizaciones mundiales relacionadas con los alimentos, con la sanidad humana y animal, que permitan determinar el efecto que estos fenómenos tienen sobre las zoonosis transmitidas por los alimentos.Palabras clave: zoonosis, globalización, cambio climático, alimentos, enfermedades. ABSTRACTThe objective of this review was to evaluate the effects of climate change and globalization on the epidemiological behavior of zoonosis transmitted by food. Globalization has affected people's habits and has led to an increased transport of passengers and movement of animals, greater availability of foods and an increase in the international trade of foods, ingredients and raw materials, resulting in an increased spread of pathological agents. The changes in temperatures and the increased frequency of extreme climatological events, such as severe droughts and flooding, have affected pathogens that can be transmitted by food, leading to the disappearance of old pathogens and emergence of new pathogens in foods. Since climate change and globalization are constant and dynamic processes, further research and support from world organizations for food and human and animal health are needed to determine the effect of these phenomena on zoonosis transmitted by foods.

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Climate change and seafood safety: Human health implications

Cited by 121 publications

References 119 publications

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

Predictive Models for the Effect of Storage Temperature on Vibrio parahaemolyticus Viability and Counts of Total Viable Bacteria in Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas)

Las Zoonosis Transmitidas Por Alimentos Pueden Afectar Su Epidemiología, Producto Del Cambio Climático Y Los Procesos De Globalización

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