Climate Change Adaptation Measures in Vietnam

Schmidt-Thomé, Philipp; Nguyên, Thị Kim Ngân; Pham, Thanh Tung; Jarva, Jaana; Nuottimäki, Kristiina

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-12346-2

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Decreasing trends in rainfall over the past 50+ years for this region (Fig. 2) are consistent with recent regional climate trends (Endo et al, 2009;Nguyen et al, 2010;Ho et al, 2011;Phan et al, 2014;Schmidt-Thomé et al, 2015), and it is believed that increased BB aerosol loading during the spring may be partially responsible. The removal of atmospheric aerosols by nucleation and precipitation scavenging processes mitigate local and regional air quality in addition to potential effects on cloud and precipitation evolution downstream (Pruppacher and Klett, 1997;Levin and Cotton, 2009).…”

Section: Background and Motivationsupporting

confidence: 86%

Coupled Aerosol-Cloud Systems over Northern Vietnam during 7-SEAS/BASELInE: A Radar and Modeling Perspective

Loftus

Tsay

Pantina

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The 2013 7-SEAS/BASELInE campaign over northern Southeast Asia (SEA) provided, for the first time ever, comprehensive ground-based W-band radar measurements of the low-level stratocumulus (Sc) systems that often exist during the spring over northern Vietnam in the presence of biomass-burning aerosols. Although spatially limited, groundbased remote sensing observations are generally free of the surface contamination and signal attenuation effects that often hinder space-borne measurements of these low-level cloud systems. Such observations permit detailed measurements of structures and lifecycles of these clouds as part of a broader effort to study potential impacts of these coupled aerosolcloud systems on local and regional weather and air quality. Introductory analyses of the W-band radar data show these Sc systems generally follow a diurnal cycle, with peak occurrences during the nighttime and early morning hours, often accompanied by light precipitation. Preliminary results from idealized simulations of Sc development over land based on the observations reveal the familiar response of increased numbers and smaller sizes of cloud droplets, along with suppressed drizzle formation, as aerosol concentrations increase. Slight reductions in simulated W-band reflectivity values also are seen with increasing aerosol concentrations and result primarily from decreased droplet sizes. As precipitation can play a large role in removing aerosol from the atmosphere, and thereby improving air quality locally, quantifying feedbacks between aerosols and cloud systems over this region are essential, particularly given the negative impacts of biomass burning on human health in SEA. Such an endeavor should involve improved modeling capabilities along with comprehensive measurements of time-dependent aerosol and cloud profiles.

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Section: Background and Motivationsupporting

confidence: 86%

Coupled Aerosol-Cloud Systems over Northern Vietnam during 7-SEAS/BASELInE: A Radar and Modeling Perspective

Loftus

Tsay

Pantina

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…The coupling of the microphysical influence of aerosols on cloud droplets affects cloud formation and lifetime, and may also impact precipitation processes. It is believed that decreasing trends in rainfall observed over the past 50+ years for this region (e.g., Phan et al, 2014;Schmidt-Thomé et al, 2015) may be partially attributable to increased aerosol loadings, particularly during boreal spring. The subsequent rainfall suppression may exacerbate the poor air quality conditions frequently observed over this region during the spring, making SEA uniquely valuable for analysis of aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions over land (cf.…”

Section: Regional Meteorologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-Surface Perspectives of Air Quality and Aerosol-Cloud Effects on the Environment: An Overview of 7-SEAS/BASELInE

Tsay

Maring²,

Lin

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The objectives of 7-SEAS/BASELInE (Seven SouthEast Asian Studies/Biomass-burning Aerosols & Stratocumulus Environment: Lifecycles & Interactions Experiment) campaigns in spring 2013-2015 were to synergize measurements from uniquely distributed ground-based networks (e.g., AERONET, MPLNET) and sophisticated platforms (e.g., SMARTLabs, regional contributing instruments), along with satellite observations/retrievals and regional atmospheric transport/chemical models to establish a critically needed database, and to advance our understanding of biomass-burning aerosols and trace gases in Southeast Asia (SEA). We present a satellite-surface perspective of 7-SEAS/BASELInE and highlight scientific findings concerning: (1) regional meteorology of moisture fields conducive to the production and maintenance of low-level stratiform clouds over land, (2) atmospheric composition in a biomass-burning environment, particularly tracers/markers to serve as important indicators for assessing the state and evolution of atmospheric constituents, (3) applications of remote sensing to air quality and impact on radiative energetics, examining the effect of diurnal variability of boundary-layer height on aerosol loading, (4) aerosol hygroscopicity and ground-based cloud radar measurements in aerosol-cloud processes by advanced cloud ensemble models, and (5) implications of air quality, in terms of toxicity of nanoparticles and trace gases, to human health. This volume is the third 7-SEAS special issue (after Atmospheric Research, vol. 122, 2013; and Atmospheric Environment, vol. 78, 2013) and includes 27 papers published, with emphasis on air quality and aerosol-cloud effects on the environment. BASELInE observations of stratiform clouds over SEA are unique, such clouds are embedded in a heavy aerosol-laden environment and feature characteristically greater stability over land than over ocean, with minimal radar surface clutter at a high vertical spatial resolution. To * Corresponding author.Tel.: +13016146188; Fax: +13016146307 E-mail address: si-chee.tsay@nasa.gov ** Corresponding author.Tel./Fax: +886-3-4254069 E-mail address: nhlin@cc.ncu.edu.tw Tsay et al., Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 16: 2581-2602, 2016 2582 facilitate an improved understanding of regional aerosol-cloud effects, we envision that future BASELInE-like measurement/modeling needs fall into two categories: (1) efficient yet critical in-situ profiling of the boundary layer for validating remote-sensing/retrievals and for initializing regional transport/chemical and cloud ensemble models, and (2) fully utilizing the high observing frequencies of geostationary satellites for resolving the diurnal cycle of the boundarylayer height as it affects the loading of biomass-burning aerosols, air quality and radiative energetics.

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“…The average annual temperature ranges from 24˝C to 30˝C with July as the warmest month, whereas the coolest month is January. Due to the effects of climate change, there is a higher frequency of high-temperature days (37-40˝C) and less rain, which have resulted in an increased probability of forest fires in this area [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Forest Fire Susceptibility Mapping at the Cat Ba National Park Area, Hai Phong City, Vietnam, Using GIS-Based Kernel Logistic Regression

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The Cat Ba National Park area (Vietnam) with its tropical forest is recognized as being part of the world biodiversity conservation by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and is a well-known destination for tourists, with around 500,000 travelers per year. This area has been the site for many research projects; however, no project has been carried out for forest fire susceptibility assessment. Thus, protection of the forest including fire prevention is one of the main concerns of the local authorities. This work aims to produce a tropical forest fire susceptibility map for the Cat Ba National Park area, which may be helpful for the local authorities in forest fire protection management. To obtain this purpose, first, historical forest fires and related factors were collected from various sources to construct a GIS database. Then, a forest fire susceptibility model was developed using Kernel logistic regression. The quality of the model was assessed using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the ROC curve (AUC), and five statistical evaluation measures. The usability of the resulting model is further compared with a benchmark model, the support vector machine (SVM). The results show that the Kernel logistic regression model has a high level of performance in both the training and validation dataset, with a prediction capability of 92.2%. Since the Kernel logistic regression model outperforms the benchmark model, we conclude that the proposed model is a promising alternative tool that should also be considered for forest fire susceptibility mapping in other areas. The results of this study are useful for the local authorities in forest planning and management.

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Climate Change Adaptation Measures in Vietnam

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Coupled Aerosol-Cloud Systems over Northern Vietnam during 7-SEAS/BASELInE: A Radar and Modeling Perspective

Coupled Aerosol-Cloud Systems over Northern Vietnam during 7-SEAS/BASELInE: A Radar and Modeling Perspective

Satellite-Surface Perspectives of Air Quality and Aerosol-Cloud Effects on the Environment: An Overview of 7-SEAS/BASELInE

Tropical Forest Fire Susceptibility Mapping at the Cat Ba National Park Area, Hai Phong City, Vietnam, Using GIS-Based Kernel Logistic Regression

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