Several approaches for elimination of oral pathogens are being explored at the present time since oral diseases remain prevalent affecting approximately 3.5 billion people worldwide. Need for antimicrobial biomaterials in dental healthcare include but is not restricted to designing resin composites and adhesives for prevention of dental caries. Constant efforts are also being made to develop antimicrobial strategies for clearance of endodontic space prior root canal treatment and for treatment of periimplantitis and periodontitis. This article discusses various conventional | © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC Microorganisms Type of disease References Lactobacilli Dental caries Caufield et al. (2015) (Mutans streptococci) Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sorbinus Dianawati et al. (2020) Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Periodontitis Oscarsson et al. (2019) Porphyromonas gingivalis Z. He et al. (2020) Fusobacterium nucleatum Endodontic infection Martinho et al. (2016); Matsui et al. (2014) Enterococcus faecalis Alghamdi and Shakir (2020)