Strategies toward development of antimicrobial biomaterials for dental healthcare applications

Abstract

Several approaches for elimination of oral pathogens are being explored at the present time since oral diseases remain prevalent affecting approximately 3.5 billion people worldwide. Need for antimicrobial biomaterials in dental healthcare include but is not restricted to designing resin composites and adhesives for prevention of dental caries. Constant efforts are also being made to develop antimicrobial strategies for clearance of endodontic space prior root canal treatment and for treatment of periimplantitis and periodontitis. This article discusses various conventional | © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC Microorganisms Type of disease References Lactobacilli Dental caries Caufield et al. (2015) (Mutans streptococci) Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sorbinus Dianawati et al. (2020) Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Periodontitis Oscarsson et al. (2019) Porphyromonas gingivalis Z. He et al. (2020) Fusobacterium nucleatum Endodontic infection Martinho et al. (2016); Matsui et al. (2014) Enterococcus faecalis Alghamdi and Shakir (2020)

Potential Applications of Ionic Liquids in Dentistry: A Narrative Review

“…They are nonvolatile and chemically stable polymers because of their high molar mass. They have a detergent-like action and a broad spectrum against ESKAPE [BMIM][Tf 2 N] 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazoilium (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide IL (5 %, 10 %, 15 %) incorporated resin adhesives were investigated for antimicrobial potential, cytotoxicity with a degree of conversion All groups of IL incorporated resin adhesives showed antibacterial potential, cytocompatibiliy, higher degree of conversion during polymerization, with less Knoop hardness and softening in solvent IL 10 % and IL 15 % groups [32] bacteria, which include Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, etc [35,36]. It has been demonstrated that QACs are effective antibacterial agents in dental adhesives [24,33,37].…”

“…Similarly, when designing new dental materials containing QACs, vigilance should be exercised, and toxicity should be considered as an early concern in the material production process. International standard, ISO 7405:2018, which provides test methodologies for evaluating biocompatibility of medical devices used in dentistry, should be specifically referred prior to the material's commercialization [36]. Quarternary ammonium derived polyethylene (QA-PEI) nanoparticles have been documented as cytotoxic, when added at 2 wt % in endodontic sealers for antimicrobial activity.…”

Polymer Conjugates of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) with d-Amino Acids (d-aa): State of the Art and Future Opportunities

“…Current antibiotic therapies are simply insufficient to address the insurgence of local infections in their immediate surroundings, especially in the long-term [161]. In addition to orthopaedics, dental healthcare [162], cardiac [163] and urological applications [164] are highly sought after. Another growing area of research involves food active packaging [165].…”

Dental Materials for Oral Microbiota Dysbiosis: An Update

“…Natural AMPs are a class of polypeptides with broad antibacterial activity extracted from plants, amphibians or human bodies, which are usually composed of hydrophobic regions and positively charged hydrophilic regions ( Parhi et al., 2021 ). The hydrophobic regions, such as tryptophan and leucine, can be in combination with the phospholipid bilayer membrane, while the presence of hydrophilic positively charged arginine and lysine can play an antibacterial role.…”