Cleft lip and palate repair: the experience from two West African sub-regional centres

Onah, II; Opara, KO; Olaitan, PB; Ogbonnaya, IS

doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2007.06.002

Cited by 44 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These findings are in contrast to most studies in Caucasian and Asian populations that have reported higher frequency of isolated cleft palate and cleft of both palate and lip [2,3]. Although some of this variation is attributable to differences in study design, analysis of comparable, small, retrospective or hospitalbased studies in low and middle income countries in Africa, Asia and South America suggests this variation may reflect a biological phenomenon [4,5]. The change in the pattern of clefts may also be due to the fact that only the cleft lip and palate patients will come to a hospital due to aesthetic reasons and isolated cleft palate patients will remain in the community without seeking treatment.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

A study of orofacial clefts seen in a tertiary referral hospital in Nepal

Singh¹,

Sharma

Roy³

et al. 2012

Ceylon Med. J.

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Objectives Clefts of lip (CL), palate (CP), or both (CLP) are the most common orofacial congenital malformations found among live births, accounting for a large number of head and neck anomalies. To date, little is known regarding the epidemiology and pattern of orofacial clefts in Nepal. The objectives were to know the frequency and pattern of orofacial clefts in Eastern Nepal and compare with different parts of the world.Methods A retrospective study was conducted at B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences to identify all children with orofacial clefts who were treated during a period of five years. Cleft lip and/or palate records were obtained from patient files in the Hospital's Medical Record Department. Age at presentation, sex, region of origin, type and laterality of the cleft were recorded.Results A total of 398 orofacial cleft cases were seen during the period. Isolated cleft lip (CL) was the most common cleft type followed closely by cleft palate (CP).Conclusions The distribution of clefts by side showed a significant preponderance of the left side followed by the right and bilateral sides.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

A study of orofacial clefts seen in a tertiary referral hospital in Nepal

Singh¹,

Sharma

Roy³

et al. 2012

Ceylon Med. J.

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“…There is always considerable debate about the timing and types of operations (i.e one stage or two stage) performed for patients with cleft lip and palate [5,9]. In our population, we operate early with the aim to improve the nutrition for the baby.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Malnutrition in cleft lip and palate children in Uganda

Cubitt

Hodges²,

Galiwango³

et al. 2011

Eur J Plast Surg

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The objective of this study is to investigate the nutritional status of patients with cleft lip and/or palate when compared to non-cleft lip or palate patients. A retrospective analysis was carried out of all patients aged less than 1 year who were operated on in the Comprehensive Rehabilitation Services in Uganda hospital since opening in April 2009 to November 2010. The data was divided into three groups: cleft lip patients; cleft lip and palate patients and non-cleft patients. The WHO anthropometric calculator was used to calculate weight-for-age Z scores on each patient for the initial outpatient appointment and the operation. The demographic data and Z scores were compared using independent T tests. Three hundred and twenty-one patients were identified, 131 patients had cleft lip alone, 112 patients had cleft lip and palate and 78 patients had no cleft. The cleft lip and palate group had significantly lower Z scores for both the outpatient appointment and operation (i.e. were more malnourished) than either the cleft lip group or the non-cleft group. Malnutrition is a well-documented problem associated with cleft lip and palate. Our research confirms this malnutrition but also highlights the severity of the malnutrition. The patients with cleft lip and palate are unable to feed adequately and therefore need intervention. We operate on these patients once they reach a target weight of 3 kg and repair both lip and palate in one operation to enable patients to feed and improve their nutritional status.

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“…However, in the Comprehensive Rehabilitation Services in Uganda (CoRSU) hospital, very early synchronous repair of the cleft lip and palate (CLP) is considered to be a lifesaving procedure for Ugandan patients with CLP. The synchronous repair is advocated as failure to complete palatoplasty after lip repair is highly frequent in African patients with CLP due to operation costs, traveling costs, traveling distance and recovered aesthetics [13,14] - in black African societies, clefts are often associated with evil spirits, curses and punishment for ancestral wrongdoings [15]. Moreover, very early closure of the CP is advised as babies with unrepaired CP frequently lose weight in their first few months of life due to the inability to adequately breast-feed [16], resulting in a great risk for malnutrition [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Early Synchronous Lip and Palatal Repair on Speech

Luyten

Bettens

D’haeseleer

et al. 2013

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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Aims: The purpose of this study was to describe articulation and resonance characteristics of Ugandan English-speaking children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) after synchronous lip and palatal closure (Sommerlad technique) prior to the age of 6 months in comparison with an age- and gender-matched control group. Methods: Eleven Ugandan patients with CLP (mean age 4;9 years), repaired during a synchronous lip and (soft and hard) palatal closure at a mean age of 3.4 months, were included as well as a control group (n = 22) consisting of 2 Ugandan age- and gender-matched noncleft children for each patient (mean age 4;10 years). Objective and perceptual speech assessment techniques were applied. Results: Consonant inventories were significantly smaller in the CLP group. Moreover, phonetic disorders and phonological processes occurred in 91 and 100% of the CLP group, respectively. Perceptual consensus evaluation revealed absence of hyponasality and cul-de-sac resonance in all patients. Hypernasality and nasal emission/turbulence occurred in 18 and 27% of the patients, respectively. No significant group differences were observed regarding the mean nasalance values of oral speech samples. Conclusion: Various deviations from normal speech development seem to occur in patients with CLP following synchronous lip and palatal closure before 6 months of age.

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Cleft lip and palate repair: the experience from two West African sub-regional centres

Cited by 44 publications

References 8 publications

A study of orofacial clefts seen in a tertiary referral hospital in Nepal

A study of orofacial clefts seen in a tertiary referral hospital in Nepal

Malnutrition in cleft lip and palate children in Uganda

Impact of Early Synchronous Lip and Palatal Repair on Speech

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