Cleft Lip and Palate in Finland: Parental Histories, Course of Pregnancy and Selected Environmental Factors

Saxén, Irma

doi:10.1093/ije/3.3.263

Cited by 66 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…With no information on folic acid consumption, we were unable to separate the quantity and source of folic acid (dietary folate, vitamin supplementation, fortified grains, and/or other fortified foods) consumed. Finally, genetic factors are extremely important in the etiology of orofacial clefts, and we did not have any information on genetic factors or even family history of orofacial clefts (Lettieri, 2000;Saxen, 1974;Tolarova, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in orofacial clefts following folic acid fortification of the U.S. grain supply

Yazdy

Honein

Xing

2006

Birth Defects Research

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reduce the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). We evaluated the impact of folic acid fortification on orofacial clefts using United States birth certificate data for 45 states and the District of Columbia. METHODS: Prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated comparing orofacial cleft prevalence among births prefortification (1/ 1990-12/1996) and postfortification (10/1998-12/2002), based on fortification status at conception. The JoinPoint Regression Program and exponentially weighted moving average charts (EWMA) were used to assess the timing of any statistically significant changes in prevalence. Data were stratified by maternal race/ethnicity, age, smoking, and timing of prenatal care. RESULTS: Orofacial clefts declined following folic acid fortification (PR ¼ 0.94; 95% CI: 0.92-0.96). The EWMA chart flagged a significant decrease in the fourth quarter of 1998. The JoinPoint graph had one change in slope, with a significant quarterly percent change (À0.34) between 1996 and 2002. The decline in orofacial clefts occurred in non-Hispanic Whites but not other racial/ ethnic groups, nonsmokers but not women who reported smoking during pregnancy, and women who received prenatal care in the first trimester but not women who began receiving care later in pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Folic acid fortification in the United States was associated with a small decrease in orofacial cleft prevalence, with the timing of the decline consistent with the introduction of fortification. The decline is much smaller than that observed for NTDs, but nonetheless suggests an additional benefit of this public health intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in orofacial clefts following folic acid fortification of the U.S. grain supply

Yazdy

Honein

Xing

2006

Birth Defects Research

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“…To minimize the possible effects of selection, which might be related, for example, to hospital recruitment, we adjusted these odds ratios for center, mother's socioeconomic status (professional, clerical and student, sales and service, production or agriculture), urbanization (<200 000 habitants; 2200 000 habitants), and country of origin. Moreover, because maternal age has been suggested as a possible risk factor for oral clefts (27)(28)(29), it was taken into account in the adjustment (4 age classes: 524 years, 25-29 years, 30-34 years, 235 years). The occupational exposures considered for the analysis were those reported by the experts for more than 10% (N28, cases and referents combined) of working mothers for the first trimester of pregnancy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal occupational risk factors for oral clefts

Lorente

Cordier

Bergeret

et al. 2000

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Objectives This study investigated the role of maternal exposures at work during pregnancy in the occurrence of oral clefts. MethodsThe occupational exposures of 851 women (100 mothers of babies with oral clefts and 751 mothers of healthy referents) who worked during the first trimester of pregnancy were studied. All the women were part of a multicenter European case-referent study conducted using 6 congenital malfolmation registers between 1989 and 1992. In each center, the mother's occupational histoty, obtained from an interview, was reviewed by industrial hygienists who were blinded to the subject's status and who assessed the presence of chemicals and the probability of exposure. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated by a multivariate analysis including maternal occupation or occupational exposures during the first trimester of pregnancy and possible confounding factors such as center of recruitment, maternal age, urbanization, socioeconomic status, and country of origin.Results After adjustment for confounding factors, cleft palate only was significantly associated with maternal occupation in services such as hairdressing [OR 5.1,95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.0-26.01 and housekeeping (OR 2.8,95% CI 1.1-7.2). The analysis suggests that the following occupational exposures are associated with orofacial clefts: aliphatic aldehydes (OR 2.1,95% CI 0.8-5.9) and glycol ethers (OR 1.7,95% CI 0.9-3.3) for cleft lip with or without cleft palate and lead compounds (OR 4.0,95% CI 1.3-12.2), biocides (OR 2.5,95% CI 1.0-6.0), antineoplastic drugs (OR 5.0,95% CI 0.8-34.0), trichloroethylene (OR 6.7,95% CI 0.949.7), and aliphatic acids (OR 6.0,95% CI 1.5-22.8) for cleft palate only. C O~C I U S~O~SDue to the limited number of subjects, these results must be interpreted with caution. However, they point out some chemicals already known or suspected as reproductive toxins. [E-mail: lorente@vjf.inserm.fr] multifactorial in origin and are caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Many genetic (risk of Scand J Work Environ Health 2000, vol26, no 2 Key terms 137in Europe (1). Investigators agree that oral clefts are recurrence) and epidemiologic (sex ratio, prevalence)

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“…1 Existem vários estudos sobre a ocorrência da anomalia em diferentes países, sendo que alguns incluem aspectos referentes à sazonalidade, 3,8 à classe social, 3 à etnia, 9 à idade dos pais, 17 ao peso ao nascer, 2 ao tabagismo, 13 à ingestão de medicamentos 15 e à procedência. 12 No Brasil, há um trabalho pioneiro sobre possíveis fatores de risco para o aparecimento da anomalia, 5 que inclui uma análise quantitativa de alguns dos aspectos citados e outros referentes a poluição, ocupação, consumo de bebida alcoólica, ingestão de drogas, doenças na mãe, exposição a herbicida/pesticida na lavoura, exposição a raio-X na gestação e hereditariedade. Com referência às fissuras labiais ou lábio-palatais, foram apontadas como fatores de risco as variáveis hereditariedade, epilepsia na mãe e ingestão de antiinflamatório na gestação com riscos relativos de, respectivamente, 4,96, 2,39 e 2,59.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Prevalência de fissuras orais de 1975 a 1994

2001

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OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de fissuras orais no Brasil, segundo etiologia e região geográfica. MÉTODOS: Foram levantados os registros de casos de fissura oral entre recém-nascidos no período de 1975 a 1994. As fontes de dados foram o Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo, o Ministério da Saúde -- Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (Datasus) e a Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. RESULTADOS/CONCLUSÕES: Foram encontrados 16.853 casos novos de fissura oral, estimando-se a prevalência de 0,19 por mil nascidos vivos, com tendência ascendente para os qüinqüênios do período. As regiões Centro-Oeste, Sudeste e Sul apresentaram as maiores taxas. A fissura labial ou lábio-palatina foi mais freqüente (74%) do que a fissura palatina isolada (26%).

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Cleft Lip and Palate in Finland: Parental Histories, Course of Pregnancy and Selected Environmental Factors

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Reduction in orofacial clefts following folic acid fortification of the U.S. grain supply

Reduction in orofacial clefts following folic acid fortification of the U.S. grain supply

Maternal occupational risk factors for oral clefts

Prevalência de fissuras orais de 1975 a 1994

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