Clay minerals in animal nutrition

Slamova, R.; Trčková, M.; Vondruskova, H.; Zralý, Z.; Pavlík, I.

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2011.01.005

Cited by 130 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…On the one hand, the Salmonella is killed by the Cu 2+ in the CM-Pal. On the other hand, the large specific surface area of Pal allows it to become distributed over the surface of the gut mucosa to form a barrier immediately after ingestion (Slamova et al, 2011;Lv et al, 2015). Pal can protect the intestinal mucosa by interacting with digestive mucus (Guarino et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper-modified palygorskite is effective in preventing and treating diarrhea caused by Salmonella typhimurium

Yao

et al. 2017

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:The aim of this research was to develop effective alternative therapies to reduce antibiotic use in animal agriculture. In this study, the efficacy of copper-modified palygorskite (CM-Pal) in preventing diarrhea caused by Salmonella was specifically examined both in vitro and in vivo. The CM-Pal was prepared with palygorskite (Pal) and copper nitrate. The antibacterial activity of the CM-Pal was detected by comparing the differences in cell numbers on plate count agar before and after adding the CM-Pal to Salmonella typhimurium cultures. Seventy ICR mice were then allocated into seven groups. Five groups (the treatment groups) were infected with S. typhimurium by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and were given Pal, CM-Pal, montmorillonite powder, gentamicin, and physiological saline, respectively. One group (the prevention group) was given CM-Pal before infection with S. typhimurium. Another group (the uninfected group) was not infected with S. typhimurium. The effects of Pal, CM-Pal, montmorillonite powder, and gentamicin on the treatment or prevention of diarrhea in the mice were examined by stool studies, fecal scoring, and assessment of growth performance and villus height. The CM-Pal had satisfactory anti-bacterial properties in vitro: the antibacterial rate was 100% after 2 h incubation with S. typhimurium NJS1 cultures (1×10 6 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml). In the in vivo experiment, the CM-Pal exerted superior effects in the treatment and prevention of diarrhea in mice compared with Pal, montmorillonite powder, and gentamicin. In the CM-Pal group, no mice showed signs of diarrhea at 24 h post infection (p.i.), and all mice fully recovered from infection. However, the Pal group, montmorillonite group, and gentamicin group only recovered after 48, 48, and 96 h, respectively. The villus height level in the CM-Pal treatment group recovered at 3 d p.i. However, the recovery time of the other groups was longer (at least 5 d). The CM-Pal prevention group had a better effect on weight gain than the other groups. This study suggested that CM-Pal may be an effective alternative to conventional antibiotics for the treatment and prevention of animal diarrhea caused by Salmonella.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper-modified palygorskite is effective in preventing and treating diarrhea caused by Salmonella typhimurium

Yao

et al. 2017

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…However, Patterson and Staszak (1977) found developmental effects, with maternal anaemia and reduction in the birth weight of pups after exposure to 20% kaolin during gestation. However, the consumption of clays by wild animals in nature is common, and the practise of eating clay by wild animals is well documented (Slamova et al, 2011). Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the geophagic behaviour: (1) detoxification of noxious or unpalatable compounds present in the diet, (2) alleviation of gastrointestinal upsets, such as diarrhoea, (3) supplementation of the body with minerals and (4) alleviation of hyperacidity in the digestive tract (Wilson, 2003).…”

Section: In Vivo Toxicological Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological evaluation of clay minerals and derived nanocomposites: A review

Maisanaba

Pichardo

Puerto

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

189

125

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“…The habit of eating clay by animals in the wild for the detoxification of the body and easing of gastrointestinal infections may have accounted for the practice among humans 11 . Clay has also been used medicinally over the centuries for various ailments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of geophagia and its contributing factors among pregnant women at Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Pretoria

Macheka¹,

Olowoyo²,

Matsela³

et al. 2017

Afr H. Sci.

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Abstract:Introduction: Geophagia is very common among pregnant women, particularly in Africa. There are many reasons given for geophagia such as cultural, medicinal and religious, making it an acceptable norm regardless of health risks involved. Objectives: The study explored prevalence and factors influencing geophagia among women visiting an antenatal clinic in Pretoria. Methods: A quantitative survey was done on a convenience sample of 597 pregnant women and structured interviews conducted. Statistical analysis was done using simple percentage and interview data analyzed using Epi Info statistical software. Results: Geophagia was reported by 54.0% of the women (n=323) and of these, 75.2% (n=243) ate at least 3 teaspoons per day. Reasons for the practice ranged from simple unexplained craving to belief that soil acts as an iron supplement. The study revealed that education levels did not act as a contributing factor as both literate and illiterate women were consumers. Partners of consumers played a key role in influencing the practice as most consumers were not married. Conclusion: Geophagia is practiced by a considerable proportion of pregnant women in this area. Greater vigilance may be needed as part of the antenatal classes to avoid potentially harmful effects of the habit.

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Clay minerals in animal nutrition

Cited by 130 publications

References 53 publications

Copper-modified palygorskite is effective in preventing and treating diarrhea caused by Salmonella typhimurium

Copper-modified palygorskite is effective in preventing and treating diarrhea caused by Salmonella typhimurium

Toxicological evaluation of clay minerals and derived nanocomposites: A review

Prevalence of geophagia and its contributing factors among pregnant women at Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Pretoria

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