Claustrum sign in a child with refractory status epilepticus after febrile illness: why does it happen?

Silva, Guilherme; Shvero, Jacob; Melo, Cláudia; Alves, Dílio; Costa, D.

doi:10.1007/s13760-017-0820-9

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The claustrum has emerged as a focus of intense research interest (Baizer and Reser, 2017), for both its putative role in normal brain functions (Atlan et al, 2018; Bray, 2018; Jackson et al, 2018; White and Mathur, 2018a,b) and for its association with a number of devastating neurological and psychiatric diseases (Smythies et al, 2014; Patru and Reser, 2015; Marek, 2018), including epilepsy (Bayat et al, 2018; Silva et al, 2018; Zhang et al, 2018); frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (De Reuck et al, 2014, 2017); major depressive disorder (Su et al, 2018); schizophrenia (Cascella et al, 2011; Mallikarjun et al, 2018), Wilson’s disease (King et al, 1996), and Parkinson’s disease (Sener, 1998; Braak et al, 2001, 2007; Kalaitzakis et al, 2009; Shao et al, 2015; Sitte et al, 2017; Arrigo et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Subdivisions of the Marmoset Claustrum Complex: Identification by Myeloarchitectural Features and High Field Strength Imaging

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There has been a surge of interest in the structure and function of the mammalian claustrum in recent years. However, most anatomical and physiological studies treat the claustrum as a relatively homogenous structure. Relatively little attention has been directed toward possible compartmentalization of the claustrum complex into anatomical subdivisions, and how this compartmentalization is reflected in claustrum connections with other brain structures. In this study, we examined the cyto- and myelo-architecture of the claustrum of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), to determine whether the claustrum contains internal anatomical structures or compartments, which could facilitate studies focused on understanding its role in brain function. NeuN, Nissl, calbindin, parvalbumin, and myelin-stained sections from eight adult marmosets were studied using light microscopy and serial reconstruction to identify potential internal compartments. Ultra high resolution (9.4T) post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging was employed to identify tractographic differences between identified claustrum subcompartments by diffusion-weighted tractography. Our results indicate that the classically defined marmoset claustrum includes at least two major subdivisions, which correspond to the dorsal endopiriform and insular claustrum nuclei, as described in other species, and that the dorsal endopiriform nucleus (DEnD) contains architecturally distinct compartments. Furthermore, the dorsal subdivision of the DEnD is tractographically distinguishable from the insular claustrum with respect to cortical connections.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Subdivisions of the Marmoset Claustrum Complex: Identification by Myeloarchitectural Features and High Field Strength Imaging

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3B and C ) and has not been frequently described in previous epilepsy studies although has been reported in an epilepsy patient and animal model. 47 , 48 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathology in the North American sudden unexpected death in epilepsy registry

Leitner

Faustin

Verducci³

et al. 2021

Brain Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy is the leading category of epilepsy-related death and the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Risk factors can include a recent history and high frequency of generalized tonic-clonic seizures, which can depress brain activity postictally, impairing respiration, arousal, and protective reflexes. Neuropathological findings in sudden unexpected death in epilepsy cases parallel those in other epilepsy patients, with no implication of novel structures or mechanisms in seizure-related deaths. Few large studies have comprehensively reviewed whole brain examination of such patients. We evaluated 92 North American Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy Registry cases with whole brain neuropathological examination by board-certified neuropathologists blinded to the adjudicated cause of death, with an average of 16 brain regions examined per case. The 92 cases included 61 sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (40 definite, 9 definite plus, 6 probable, 6 possible) and 31 people with epilepsy controls who died from other causes. The mean age at death was 34.4 years and 65.2% (60/92) were male. The average age of death was younger for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy cases than for epilepsy controls (30.0 versus 39.6 years; p = 0.006), and there was no difference in sex distribution respectively (67.3% male versus 64.5%, p = 0.8). Among sudden unexpected death in epilepsy cases, earlier age of epilepsy onset positively correlated with a younger age at death (p = 0.0005) and negatively correlated with epilepsy duration (p = 0.001). Neuropathological findings were identified in 83.7% of the cases in our cohort. The most common findings were dentate gyrus dysgenesis (sudden unexpected death in epilepsy 50.9%, epilepsy controls 54.8%) and focal cortical dysplasia (sudden unexpected death in epilepsy 41.8%, epilepsy controls 29.0%). The neuropathological findings in sudden unexpected death in epilepsy paralleled those in epilepsy controls, including the frequency of total neuropathological findings as well as the specific findings in the dentate gyrus, findings pertaining to neurodevelopment (e.g. focal cortical dysplasia, heterotopias), and findings in the brainstem (e.g. medullary arcuate or olivary dysgenesis). Thus, like prior studies, we found no neuropathological findings that were more common in sudden unexpected death in epilepsy cases. Future neuropathological studies evaluating larger sudden unexpected death in epilepsy and control cohorts would benefit from inclusion of different epilepsy syndromes with detailed phenotypic information, consensus among pathologists particularly for more subjective findings where observations can be inconsistent, and molecular approaches to identify markers of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy risk or pathogenesis.

show abstract

“…Four of these patients presented with status epilepticus and were found to have bilateral lesions affecting the claustrum and external capsule. The four patients also had EEG abnormalities along with a variety of other symptoms including seizures, motor impairment, cognitive impairment, psychotic symptoms, and tremor (Ishii et al, 2011;Mumoli et al, 2014;Silva et al, 2018;Sperner et al, 1996). Another patient with abnormalities in the right claustrum and bilateral external capsule experienced non-epileptiform EEG abnormalities, along with motor and cognitive impairment (Hwang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Diverse Findings Following Lesion or Stimulation Of The Human Claustrummentioning

confidence: 97%

“…(Albayrak & Gorgulu, 2008;Barcikowska, 1979;Biemond, 1956;Chakraborty et al, 2014;Chessa et al, 2017;Couto et al, 2013;Dodgson, 1955;Freedman et al, 1984;Hiraga et al, 2014;Hwang et al, 2014;Ishida et al, 2006;Ishii et al, 2011;Jellinger et al, 2011;T. S. Kim et al, 1997;Kurokawa et al, 2005;Lapenta et al, 2015;Leroy et al, 2007;Matsuzono et al, 2013;Maximov et al, 2018;McKay & Cipolotti, 2007;McMurtray et al, 2014;Mizutani et al, 2020;Mumoli et al, 2014;Nixon et al, 2001;Nomoto et al, 2007;Obara et al, 2008;Obrador et al, 1957;Okamoto et al, 2008;Saito et al, 2007;Sapir et al, 2007;Seghier et al, 2014;Sener, 1998;Serrano-Castro et al, 2013;Shiihara et al, 2006;Shintaku et al, 2010;Shintani et al, 2000;Silva et al, 2018;Sperner et al, 1996;Turkalj et al, 2012;Yasui et al, 1999;Yoshimura et al, 1988)…”

Section: Late-infantile Metachromatic Leukodystrophyunclassified

Does the claustrum have a function? Lessons from human lesion and animal studies point to divergent multifunctionality

Atilgan¹,

Doody²,

Oliver³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The claustrum is the most densely interconnected region in the human brain. Despite the accumulating data from clinical and experimental studies, the functional role(s) of the claustrum remain unknown. Here, we systematically review claustrum lesion studies and discuss their functional implications. Claustral lesions are associated with an array of signs and symptoms, including changes in cognitive, perceptual and motor abilities; electrical activity; mental state; and sleep. The wide range of symptoms observed following claustral lesions suggests that the claustrum may either have a number of distinct functions, or a global function that impacts many neural processes. We further discuss the implications of these lesions in the context of recent evidence linking the claustrum to sensory perception, sleep, and salience as well as highlighting an underexplored link between the claustrum and pain. We hypothesize that the claustrum is connected to multiple brain networks, both ancient and advanced, which underly fundamental functions as well as higher cognitive processes. Extensive evidence derived from human lesion studies and animal experiments provides unequivocal evidence for a key function of the claustrum as a multifunctional node in numerous networks.

show abstract

Claustrum sign in a child with refractory status epilepticus after febrile illness: why does it happen?

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Internal Subdivisions of the Marmoset Claustrum Complex: Identification by Myeloarchitectural Features and High Field Strength Imaging

Internal Subdivisions of the Marmoset Claustrum Complex: Identification by Myeloarchitectural Features and High Field Strength Imaging

Neuropathology in the North American sudden unexpected death in epilepsy registry

Does the claustrum have a function? Lessons from human lesion and animal studies point to divergent multifunctionality

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About