Clastogenic effect of extracts obtained from Crotalaria retusa L. and Crotalaria mucronata Desv. on mouse bone marrow cells

Ribeiro, Lúcia Regina; Silva, Ana Rita; Bautista, Ana Rita Pedreira Lapa; Costa, Sílvia Lima; Sales, Liana A.; Rios, A.C.C.; Salvadori, Daisy Maria Fávero

doi:10.1016/0165-1218(93)90058-l

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The extracts from C. retusa and C. mucronata were evaluated for their anticlastogenic effects against irradiation in mice. 30 The study showed that fruit extract of C. retusa caused a dose-dependent increase in chromosomal aberration frequency in mouse bone marrow. The clastogenic effect of C. retusa fruit extracts in mouse bone marrow cells was attributed to the alkaloids.…”

Section: Modulation Of Radiation-induced Cytogenetic Damage By Varioumentioning

confidence: 98%

Utilization of cytogenetic biomarkers as a tool for assessment of radiation injury and evaluation of radiomodulatory effects of various medicinal plants – a review

Samarth¹,

Samarth²,

Matsumoto³

2015

DDDT

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Systematic biological measurement of “cytogenetic endpoints” has helped phenomenally in assessment of risks associated with radiation exposure. There has been a surge in recent times for the usage of radioactive materials in health care, agriculture, industrial, and nuclear power sectors. The likelihood of radiation exposure from accidental or occupational means is always higher in an overburdened ecosystem that is continuously challenged to meet the population demands. Risks associated with radiation exposure in this era of modern industrial growth are minimal as international regulations for maintaining the safety standards are stringent and strictly adhered to, however, a recent disaster like “Fukushima” impels us to think beyond. The major objective of radiobiology is the development of an orally effective radio-modifier that provides protection from radiation exposure. Once available for mass usage, these compounds will not only be useful for providing selective protection against accidental and occupational radiation exposure but also help to permit use of higher doses of radiation during treatment of various malignancies curtailing unwarranted adverse effects imposed on normal tissues. Bio-active compounds isolated from natural sources enriched with antioxidants possess unique immune-modulating properties, thus providing a double edged benefit over synthetic radioprotectors. We aim to provide here a comprehensive overview of the various agents originating from plant sources that portrayed promising radioprotection in various experimental models with special emphasis on studies that used cytogenetic biomarkers. The agents will include crude extracts of various medicinal plants, purified fractions, and herbal preparations.

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Section: Modulation Of Radiation-induced Cytogenetic Damage By Varioumentioning

confidence: 98%

Utilization of cytogenetic biomarkers as a tool for assessment of radiation injury and evaluation of radiomodulatory effects of various medicinal plants – a review

Samarth¹,

Samarth²,

Matsumoto³

2015

DDDT

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“…Ribeiro et al (1993) found that Crotalaria retusa extracts containing monocrotaline induced chromosomal aberrations in mouse bone marrow cells. Heliotropium curassavicum is a widely employed medicinal plant that contains PAs.…”

Section: Chromosomal Aberrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Chen

Mei

2010

J of Applied Toxicology

131

133

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“…These unstable electrophiles are able to react with nucleophilic macromolecules like proteins or DNA (Fu et al 2004a ; He et al 2019 ; Ruan et al 2014b ; Zhao et al 2012 ). The resulting genotoxic effects such as DNA adduct formation, micronuclei generation, or chromosomal abberations are well studied (Allemang et al 2018 ; Chen et al 2010 ; Müller et al 1992 ; Ribeiro et al 1993 ; Wang et al 2005 ; Yang et al 2001 ). Xia et al investigated whether secondary pyrrolic metabolites can bind to calf thymus DNA and to cellular DNA in HepG2 cells, resulting in the formation of ( ±)-6, 7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-5H-pyrrolizidine (DHP)-DNA adducts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro biotransformation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in different species: part II—identification and quantitative assessment of the metabolite profile of six structurally different pyrrolizidine alkaloids

2020

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Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) exert their toxic effects only after bioactivation. Although their toxicity has already been studied and metabolic pathways including important metabolites were described, the quantification of the latter revealed a large unknown portion of the metabolized PA. In this study, the qualitative and quantitative metabolite profiles of structurally different PAs in rat and human liver microsomes were investigated. Between five metabolites for europine and up to 48 metabolites for lasiocarpine were detected. Proposals for the chemical structure of each metabolite were derived based on fragmentation patterns using high-resolution mass spectrometry. The metabolite profiles of the diester PAs showed a relatively good agreement between both species. The metabolic reactions were summarized into three groups: dehydrogenation, oxygenation, and shortening of necic acid(s). While dehydrogenation of the necine base is considered as bioactivation, both other routes are considered as detoxification steps. The most abundant changes found for open chained diesters were dealkylations, while the major metabolic pathway for cyclic diesters was oxygenation especially at the nitrogen atom. In addition, all diester PAs formed several dehydrogenation products, via the insertion of a second double bond in the necine base, including the formation of glutathione conjugates. In rat liver microsomes, all investigated PAs formed dehydropyrrolizidine metabolites with the highest amount formed by lasiocarpine, whereas in human liver microsomes, these metabolites could only be detected for diesters. Our findings demonstrate that an extensive analysis of PA metabolism can provide the basis for a better understanding of PA toxicity and support future risk assessment.

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Clastogenic effect of extracts obtained from Crotalaria retusa L. and Crotalaria mucronata Desv. on mouse bone marrow cells

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Utilization of cytogenetic biomarkers as a tool for assessment of radiation injury and evaluation of radiomodulatory effects of various medicinal plants – a review

Utilization of cytogenetic biomarkers as a tool for assessment of radiation injury and evaluation of radiomodulatory effects of various medicinal plants – a review

Genotoxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids

In vitro biotransformation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in different species: part II—identification and quantitative assessment of the metabolite profile of six structurally different pyrrolizidine alkaloids

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Clastogenic effect of extracts obtained from Crotalaria retusa L. and Crotalaria mucronata Desv. on mouse bone marrow cells

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Utilization of cytogenetic biomarkers as a tool for assessment of radiation injury and evaluation of radiomodulatory effects of various medicinal plants &ndash; a review

Utilization of cytogenetic biomarkers as a tool for assessment of radiation injury and evaluation of radiomodulatory effects of various medicinal plants &ndash; a review

Genotoxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids

In vitro biotransformation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in different species: part II—identification and quantitative assessment of the metabolite profile of six structurally different pyrrolizidine alkaloids

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Utilization of cytogenetic biomarkers as a tool for assessment of radiation injury and evaluation of radiomodulatory effects of various medicinal plants – a review

Utilization of cytogenetic biomarkers as a tool for assessment of radiation injury and evaluation of radiomodulatory effects of various medicinal plants – a review