Genotoxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Chen, Tao; Mei, Nan; Fu, Peter P.

doi:10.1002/jat.1504

Cited by 134 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(136 reference statements)

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“…Alkaloids are synthesized by many species of plants around the world and it is known that about half of these compounds are toxic. Plants containing alkaloids are poisonous to livestock and wildlife and have caused tremendous livestock loss (Lucena et al 2010) and are also the most important toxins in plants associated with disease in humans through contamination of staple foods, honey, milk, herbal teas and herbal medicines (Chen et al 2010). Previous reports have shown that D. melanogaster is highly sensitive to the toxic action of alkaloids, leading to genotoxic and mutagenic effect upon exposure to such compounds (Candrian et al 1984;Sivlingham & Brink 1988;Frei et al 1992;Campesato et al 1997;Chen et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidant effects and toxicity of Croton campestris in Drosophila melanogaster

Júnior

Macedo

Zemolin

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Croton campestris A.St.-Hil. (Euphorbiaceae) is a species native to Northeast Brazil used by traditional communities for the treatment of a variety of health problems. However, potential toxicological effects of this plant are unknown. Objective: The potential toxicity of the hydroalcoholic extract of C. campestris leaves on Drosophila melanogaster insect model, additionally with phytochemical constitution and cellular mechanisms mediating the action of extract were analysed in this study. Materials and methods: Constituents of the extract were evaluated by HPLC. In vitro antioxidant potential of extract was analysed by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. Flies injected culture medium mixed with extract (0.1-50 mg/mL) for 72 h. After, ROS production was evaluated by DCF-DA oxidation. Phosphorylation of MAPK signalling pathway was investigated by Western blotting method. Activity of antioxidant enzymes was analysed in homogenates.Results: Major components of the extract include quercetin (38.11 ± 0.06 mg/g), caffeic acid (20.06 ± 0.17 mg/g) and kaempferol (15.45 ± 0.05 mg/g). Consumption of the extract impaired locomotor performance and induced fly death of flies (LC 50 of 26.51 mg/mL). Augmented ROS formation and SOD, CAT and GST activity were observed from 0.1 mg/mL. JNK and p38 kinases phosphorylation was modulated and Paraquat-induced toxicity was augmented by extract. Discussion and conclusion: Our data show important toxicological effects of C. campestris leading to increased mortality and impaired locomotor performance accompanied by induction of cell stress markers in flies. The study draws attention to the indiscriminate use of plant extracts. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidant effects and toxicity of Croton campestris in Drosophila melanogaster

Júnior

Macedo

Zemolin

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…The represented values are shown in Table A2. species worldwide, belonging mainly to the families Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, Fabaceae (tribe Crotalarieae) and Orchidaceae. Roughly half of these compounds exhibit chronic toxicity (Chen et al, 2010;Kristanc and Kreft, 2016b;Smith and Culvenor, 1981). Curiously, species containing these alkaloids are probably the most common poisonous plants affecting livestock and wildlife (Chen et al, 2010).…”

Section: Pyrrolizidine and Pyrrolidine Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roughly half of these compounds exhibit chronic toxicity (Chen et al, 2010;Kristanc and Kreft, 2016b;Smith and Culvenor, 1981). Curiously, species containing these alkaloids are probably the most common poisonous plants affecting livestock and wildlife (Chen et al, 2010). Structurally, pyrrolizidine alkaloids are ester alkaloids composed of necine (two fused five-membered rings joined by a single nitrogen atom) and necic acid (one or two carboxylic ester arms).…”

Section: Pyrrolizidine and Pyrrolidine Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild edible plants: Nutritional and toxicological characteristics, retrieval strategies and importance for today's society

Pinela

Ferreira

2017

Food and Chemical Toxicology

129

111

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A B S T R A C TWild edible plants (WEPs) are part of the cultural and genetic heritage of different regions of the world. In times of famine and scarcity, these sources of nutrients and health-promoting compounds have received high importance mainly in rural and suburban areas. Although currently underutilized, WEPs are still consumed traditionally by different communities and are gaining relevance in today's society. However, these foods lack recognition as significant contributors to the human diet in developed areas. This review describes the nutritional value of WEPs from the North-eastern region of Portugal and points out those containing potentially toxic compounds. Several retrieval strategies are presented with the aim of promoting the (re)use, production, commercialization and conservation of WEPs (wild harvested plants and crop wild relatives), and their importance for social, economic and agro-ecological development is highlighted.

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“…PAs are hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, genotoxic and teratogenic after a bioactivation by cytochromes P 450 which occurs under the presence of a double bond at C1-C2 (Chen et al, 2010;Fu et al, 2004;Hartmann, 1999;Stegelmeier et al, 1999;Wiedenfeld and Edgar, 2011). Cytotoxic assays have demonstrated a higher toxicity of retronecine and otonecine PAs compared with platynecine PAs (Li et al, 2013).…”

Section: (2009) For Example Pa Concentrations In Senecio Jacobaeamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PAs are acutely toxic, genotoxic and teratogenic to vertebrates and invertebrates (Chen et al, 2010;Cheng et al, 2011a;Frei et al, 1992;Moyano et al, 2006;Stegelmeier et al, 1999). Chronic ingestion of PA-containing plants and contaminated hay, straw or silage, causes livestock poisoning (Cheeke, 1988;Wiedenfeld and Edgar, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%