Classifying acute leukemia by immunophenotyping: a combined FAB- immunologic classification of AML

Neame, Peter B.; Soamboonsrup, Praniti; Browman, George P.; Meyer, Ralph M.; Benger, Ann; Wilson, William E.; Walker, Irwin; Saeed, N; McBride, J. A.

doi:10.1182/blood.v68.6.1355.1355

Cited by 137 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…We have found the immunophenotypic profile CD33 + / CD13 + , HLA-DR − , and CD14 − useful for indicating APL [7,44,45]. It was found in 96% of our APL cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Morphology of acute promyelocytic leukemia with cytogenetic or molecular evidence for the diagnosis: Characterization of additional microgranular variants

et al. 1997

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Early diagnosis of t(15;17) acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is essential because of the associated disseminated intravascular coagulation and the unique response of the disease to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) therapy. Early diagnosis depends primarily on morphological recognition. The French-American-British (FAB) classification, however, does not describe all morphological variations that occur in APL. In 25 cases with evidence of APL confirmed by cytogenetic and/or molecular analysis, we found a heterogeneous morphological group. The most common form of APL was heterogeneous and consisted of various combinations of cells in which hypergranular cells and some cells with multiple Auer rods were obvious. In some cases, one cell predominated. This led to the description of five subcategories. These included the classical FAB M3 with hyper-granular cells and multiple Auer rods; the FAB variant with hypogranular bilobed cells; the basophilic cell type of McKenna et al. [Br. J. Haematol 50:201, 1982]; and two additional subtypes, one consisting of differentiated promyelocytes and a few blast cells (M2-like), and the other consisting largely of blast cells and a few early promyelocytes (M1-like). Immunophenotyping revealed a pattern of CD33 and/or CD13 positivity, and CD14 and HLA-DR negativity in 96% of cases. CD2 was positive in the FAB variant and in the subtype with basophilic cells, but negative with other subtypes. Three out of five cases with basophilic cell predominance [McKenna et al.: Br J Haematol 50:201, 1982], and one out of two M2-like cases, responded to ATRA therapy. Awareness of the hetero-geneity and the atypical morphologic subtypes found in t(15;17) APL will contribute to improved recognition and early institution of ATRA therapy. Am.

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“…We have found the immunophenotypic profile CD33 + / CD13 + , HLA-DR − , and CD14 − useful for indicating APL [7,44,45]. It was found in 96% of our APL cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…CD33 + /CD13 + , HLA-DR − , and CD14 − were found in 96% of cases ( Fig. 7) [7,44,45]. Four cases had CD34 + cells and were either subtype 2 or 3.…”

Section: Immunophenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of acute promyelocytic leukemia with cytogenetic or molecular evidence for the diagnosis: Characterization of additional microgranular variants

et al. 1997

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“…Previous studies on the immunophenotypic expression of acute myeloid leukemia have required the use of immunofluorescent microscopy or immunocytofluorography and monoclonal antibodies directed at surface determinants [3-71. Studies which have compared the immunophenotyping of acute myeloid leukemia with the French-Amer-ican-British (FAB) classification [8-101 have failed to demonstrate a good correlation [2,3] with the exception of one study reported by Neame et a1 [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunophenotyping of acute myeloid leukemia by immuno‐alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) labeling with a panel of antibodies

et al. 1987

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A panel of eight antibodies was used by the alkaline-phosphatase/anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method to stain peripheral blood films, bone marrow smears, and cytocentrifuge preparations from 29 cases of acute myeloid leukemia. These findings were correlated with the French-American-British (FAB) classification. Leukemic cells from six cases of myeloblastic leukemia (FAB;M1) were predominantly labeled by the antimyeloperoxidase monoclonal antibody (MPO-7). Leukemic cells from the majority of eight cases of myeloblastic leukemia with maturation (FAB;M2) and progranulocytic leukemia (FAB;M3) stained with monoclonal antibodies MPO-7, NP57 (anti-elastase), and EBM11 (antimonocyte/macrophage). Leukemic cells from six cases of myelomonocytic (FAB;M4) and five cases of monocytic (FAB;M5) leukemia were most often labeled with antibodies MPO-7, NP57, and EBM11 as well as monoclonal antibodies Y1/82A (anti-monocyte) and KB90 (against the p150, 95 molecule, CD11c; a monocyte/granulocyte marker), but not with monoclonal antibody C17 (antiglycoprotein IIb/IIIa) and/or monoclonal antibody Y2/51 (antiglycoprotein IIIa). Erythroblasts from a single case of erythroleukemia (FAB;M6) were not labeled with any of the antibodies from this panel. Leukemic cells from two cases of acute megakaryocytic leukemia (FAB;M7) stained strongly with the monoclonal antiglycoprotein IIIa/IIb antibody (C17) and antiglycoprotein IIIa antibody (Y2/51). Staining by the APAAP method with this panel of antibodies was easy to perform, required no expensive instrumentation, and provided useful information in the classification of acute myeloid leukemia.

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“…In combination, however, these three antibodies together with an antibody against myeloperoxidase should identify the majority of myelosarcomas. If frozen material is available, the antibodies CD 1 lc, CD 33 and CD 1 3 seem to identify all myelosarcomas, as in AML (Neame et al 1986). These antibodies may, therefore, identify cases of myelosarcoma which are negative in paraffin material and perhaps also NASDCAE negative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vyelosarcoma without acute leukaemia: immunohistochemical and clinico‐pathologic characterization of eight cases

1990

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Eight cases of myelosarcoma without acute leukaemia at time of diagnosis were reviewed and biopsies were immunostained using antibodies reacting with myeloid/monocytic markers. Initial tumour location included lymph nodes, paranasal sinuses, nasopharyngeal and/or orbital regions and other extranodal locations. Three cases developed acute myeloblastic leukaemia within 1-9 months. Diagnosis was correct in four of the cases, in the other cases a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was initially diagnosed. Morphological examination showed a blastic but variable appearance of the tumours. In a few cases cytoplasmic granulation was present. Chloroacetate esterase was present in all cases. In paraffin sections cathepsin G. elastase or lysozyme were present in all cases except one. In frozen material from four of the cases, the myeloid markers CD 11c and CD 33 were present (all cases) and CD 13 and Ki M8 in 3/4 cases.

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Classifying acute leukemia by immunophenotyping: a combined FAB- immunologic classification of AML

Cited by 137 publications

References 53 publications

Morphology of acute promyelocytic leukemia with cytogenetic or molecular evidence for the diagnosis: Characterization of additional microgranular variants

Morphology of acute promyelocytic leukemia with cytogenetic or molecular evidence for the diagnosis: Characterization of additional microgranular variants

Immunophenotyping of acute myeloid leukemia by immuno‐alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) labeling with a panel of antibodies

Vyelosarcoma without acute leukaemia: immunohistochemical and clinico‐pathologic characterization of eight cases

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