Classification and Clinical Consequences of Precancerous Lesions in the Digestive and Respiratory Tracts

Gbundmann, Ekkehard

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1983.tb01411.x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We suggest, therefore, that Mcm-2 would be a good candidate as a biomarker of premalignant and malignant laryngeal disease. It has been suggested that the Ljubljana classification can be made more accurate with the silver-staining of nucleolar organising regions, or using Ki67 (Grundmann, 1983). Our data show that Mcm-2 is superior to Ki67 in the detection of cell cycle entry in the larynx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Aberrant expression of minichromosome maintenance protein-2 and Ki67 in laryngeal squamous epithelial lesions

et al. 2003

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Histological classification of laryngeal epithelial lesions is highly subjective, and methods of cytological detection are not well developed. Improved determination of aberrant cell cycle entry may allow increased objectivity in histological assessment and enable the development of less invasive diagnostic cytology tests. Sections of normal larynx (n ¼ 10), laryngeal dysplasia (n ¼ 20) and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n ¼ 10) were classified according to the Ljubljana classification and stained for markers of cell cycle entry, minichromosome maintenance protein-2 (Mcm-2) and Ki67. Expression patterns were compared using double labelling confocal microscopy. There was a correlation between Mcm-2 and Ki67 labelling indices (r ¼ 0.93; 95% CI [0.84, 0.97]) and both markers showed increased expression from normal epithelium to SCC (Mcm-2, P ¼ 0.001; Ki67, P ¼ 0.0002). Importantly, there was minimal expression of Mcm-2 or Ki67 in the most superficial layers of normal larynx and abnormal or atypical hyperplasia, in contrast to carcinoma in situ and SCC. Clusters of Mcm-2/5-positive cells were present in cytological preparations from SCC, but not from those showing atypical hyperplasia or inflammation in non-neoplastic tissue. Minichromosome maintenance protein-2 staining may increase the objectivity and reliability of histological grading of laryngeal epithelial lesions. Laryngeal brushings, combined with immuno-enhanced liquid-based cytology, could be useful, as a less invasive approach, to the detection of laryngeal malignant and premalignant lesions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Aberrant expression of minichromosome maintenance protein-2 and Ki67 in laryngeal squamous epithelial lesions

et al. 2003

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“…During recent decades, various aspects of laryngeal carcinogenesis have been intensively studied, including the aetiology, histological classification, treatment, frequency of malignant transformation and predictive factors. Many researchers have provided meticulous analyses of histological classifications of SILs in relation to their biological behaviour 2–4,6–27 . These analyses have been recently further supplemented by molecular genetic investigations trying to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of SCC development, and to improve the prognostic evaluation of SILs 1,28–51 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current review on squamous intraepithelial lesions of the larynx

Gale¹,

Michaels²,

Luzar³

et al. 2009

Histopathology

121

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Squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) of the larynx, clinically usually defined as leukoplakia and chronic laryngitis, have remained the main controversial topic in laryngeal pathology for decades as regards classification, histological diagnosis and treatment. SILs are caused by smoking and alcohol abuse. There is also mounting evidence that gastroesophageal reflux is a potential aetiological factor. Human papillomavirus infection seems to play little if any role in laryngeal carcinogenesis. Histological classification of SILs is the central disputed aspect of these lesions. There are as yet no generally accepted criteria for histological grading of laryngeal SILs. Three currently used classifications of SILs are reviewed here: the dysplasia system, the Ljubljana classification and the binary system of squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. One of the most important issues of SILs is the risk of malignant transformation. Data in the literature are controversial because of inconsistent use of morphological criteria in different classifications. It is often difficult for clinicians to agree on the most appropriate therapeutic option for a particular grade of SIL that has been diagnosed. Transition from normal epithelium to SILs and squamous cell carcinoma is related to progressive accumulation of genetic changes leading to a clonal population of transformed epithelial cells. Despite extensive research into these genetic changes in laryngeal carcinogenesis, reliable genetic markers with diagnostic and prognostic value are still lacking.

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“…Particular attention has been directed to the analysis of the interrelationship between histological parameters and their biological behaviour (Gale et al 2005, Gale et al 2006Kambicˇ&Gale, 1986;Putney&O'Keefe 1953;Kambicˇ 1978;Crissman 1979;Henry 1979;Hellquist et al, 1982;Gillis et al, 1983;Grundmann 1983;Goodman 1984;Crissman&Fu 1986;Velasco et al 1987;Olde-Kalter et al 1987;Crissman&Zarbo 1989;Sllamniku et al 1989;Bouquot et al, 1991a;Kambic&Gale 1995;Hellquist et al 1999;Gallo et al 2001;Ricci et al 2003). These analyses have been recently further supplemented by molecular genetic investigations trying to include the molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to improve the prognostic evaluation of OIN (Ha&Califano 2002;Somers et al 1992;Saglam et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%